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Homeostasis - Coggle Diagram
Homeostasis
What happens when homeostasis goes wrong?
ex. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease where beta cells are not working/ destroyed
Because there is no insulin being produced, blood glucose levels continue to rise
Increase in blood pressure causes blurred vision, weight loss, comas, and even death
This problem is solved by taking insulin shots or using an insulin pump throughout the day
ex. Type 2 diabetics have too much glucose (can be caused by lack of exercise, obesity, etc), so the cells stop recongnizing insulin and stop taking it in
What is a positive feedback loop used for?
Think Amplification
Example 1- Fruit on a tree:
Plant hormone "ethylene" (C2H4) is given off by ripe fruit and picked up by the fruit around it ->causes the fruit around those fruits to ripen too
Example 2: Giving Birth
The pressure of the child's head on the cervix causes contractions -> puts more pressure on the cervix -> process repeats itself until baby is born
What is a negative feedback loop used for?
Humans use it to keep a constant body temp of 37C/ 98F
At cold temp, our skin creates goosebumps to pull skin in and conserve heat, as well as vasoconstrict (pull blood into body) to reduce convection until we hit the target temp
At hot temp, our bodies sweat (creates evaporative cooling/ releases heat) and vasodilate (blood is carried to the surface of the skin) to lose heat through convection
If we had fur, the fur would flatten to allow for more heat loss via convection
Used to maintain an animal's internal temperature, blood glucose levels, and osmolarity of blood
Blood glucose levels (amount of blood moving in our bodies) is stored in glycogen (in the liver) via insulin and glucagon
Besides breaking down food into the small intestine, the pancreas regulates the blood glucose levels
If beta cells detect a lot of blood glucose outside the cell, it will trigger an influx of Calcium and increase the amount of insulin being given off
As the insulin moves from the pancreas to the other parts of our bodies, it triggers our cells to take in that insulin and tells our bodies to store the blood glucose as glycogen
Blood glucose gets too high-> insulin is secreted -> blood glucose goes gown
Blood glucose gets too low -> alpha cells produce glucagon-> blood glucose gets high
Frees up glucose from glycogen in the liver
What is homeostatsis?
An internal stable environment
Bacteria (ex.paramecium) keeps its internal environment the same as the external environment
What are ectotherms? (Hint: think temperature)
Animals maintain its internal environment through feedback loops
What are endotherms?
Because endotherms have a constant internal temp, metabolism is also at a constant rate, so organisms have to eat more
