Ulster Plantations
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Philip ⅠⅠ
Flight of the Earls
How successful was the plantation?
Background and causes
The gaelic chiefs and clans were the main rulers of Ulster.
The most powerful were the O'Neills of Tyrone and the O'Donnells of Donegal
Nine years war
Started in 1594
Ulster chiefs rebelled when the English government wanted to impose English law and the Protestant religion
The rebellion was led by Hugh O'Neill
They won a number of battles including the Battle of Yellow Ford and the battle of Clontibret
Encouraged other parts of Ireland to rise in rebellion
Munster
Sent ships with 4,000 soldiers to help the rebellion
They landed at Kinsale, Co. Cork
Unfortunately they were surrounded by an English fleet and army.
When O'Donnell and O'Neill came to help, they were defeated at the Battle of Kinsale in 1601
1607
O'Neill and the other Ulster chiefs fled Ireland to the continent
Queen Elizabeth
Attempted to bring English Law and Religion to Munster but failed
1594
The ulster chiefs rebelled against Elizabeth's policy
This was the beginning of the Nine years war
Ended 9 years later in 1603
Rome
The English government declared O'Neill and the other Ulster chiefs traitors
They also confiscated their lands
Treaty of Mellifont
This is what O'Neill used to make peace with the English Government
This happened two years after the Battle of Kinsale
The Government wanted more power and ignored the treaty
They continued harassing the Ulster chiefs
The plan of plantation
Lands were confiscated in six countries
Derry
Donegal
Cavan
Tyrone
Fermanagh
Armagh
A Commission of Inquiry visited the confiscated counties and investigated the ownership of the land.
A team of surveyors, protected by soldiers, travelled with them
The Commission divided the land into two parts
Crown land
Belonging to the king
Church land
Belonging to the protestant clergy
This land was used for plantation and for owns and schools
This land was given to the church of Ireland and Trinity College, Dublin
The plantation in action
The land was divided into into estates of 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 acres.
This land was given to three different groups under the Articles of Plantation, 1610
Undertakers
English and Scottish planters
Not allowed to have Gealic tenants
Rent: £5.33 (€5.97) per 1,000 acres
Servitors
English soldiers and officials who were owed money after the Nine years war and later
Could take some Gealic tenants
Rent: £8 (€8.96) per 1,000 acres
Loyal Irish
Irish of 'good merit' : Gealic Irish who had not taken part in the rebellion
Could take Gaelic tenants
Rent: £10.46 (€11.71) per 1,000 acres
The plantation was succesful
This is clear if you look at Ireland now
Most of Ulster is ruled by England
