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Multiple Sclerosis - Coggle Diagram
Multiple Sclerosis
Pathogenesis
Multiple Sclerosis is a chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease involving the degeneration of CNS myelin, scarring, and loss of axons
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Plaques form when auto reactive T and B cells cross the blood brain barrier and attack myelin
-->release inflammatory mediators
-->loss of oligodendrocytes
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Treatments
MS has no cure, management of the symptoms is the goal
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Corticosteroids (prednisone, intravenous) prescribed to reduce nerve inflammation
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some treatments are able to lessen the progression --> interferon beta medication
--> glatiramer acetate --> other oral medications
Clinical Manifestations
paresthesia's of the face, trunk or limns
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cerebellar and corticospinal involvement presents as nystagmus, ataxia, and weakness
--> all four limbs involved
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can be followed by progressive symptoms such as paresthesia, difficulty speaking, ataxia, or visual changes
common with spinal involvement. -->painful sensory events, spastic paralysis, bowel and bladder incontinence
recovery from symptoms during remissions is caused by down-regulation of inflammation and the restoration of conduction to demyelinated axons