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Parvoviruses: Viral infections of Hematopoietic system - Coggle Diagram
Parvoviruses: Viral infections of Hematopoietic system
canine parvovirus
enteritis
recovery dependent on severity
clinical signs
severe panleukopenia
severe dehydration
vomiting
depression
bloody diarrhea
decline to subnormal temp
predominant in young puppies
pathogenesis
viremic phase
~2 days taking virus to...
bone marrow
viral destruction of progenitor cells
neutropenia
intestinal epithelium
lymphoid tissue
viral destruction of maturing lymphos
lymphopenia
enters via oral route
transfers through M cells on mucosal surfaces
moves into lymphoid tissues 1st (tonsils, lymph nodes)
attaches to cells using transferrin receptor
transmission
contaminated feces
shed heavily from day 3 - 3w
fomites
3-7 day incubation period
persistence in host relatively short
persistence in environment to 7mo
diagnosis
serology
4 fold serum IgG titer
hemmaglutination inhibiton
not used much
indiret IF Ab assay
ELISA
feces
virus isolation
fecal HA
commerical SNAP ELISA
PCR
prevention
DHPP vaccine
does not protect against infection
feline panleukopenia
discovered in 1940s
clinical signs
fever
depression
dehydration
vomiting
diarrhea
in fetuses
ocular lesions on retina
cerebellar hypoplasia
very severe panleukopenia
hemorrhage
incubation 2-7 days
diagnostics
no commercial test
use canine parvotest
leukocyte count
viral isolation
PCR
EM
serology
prevention
vaccination
ML
killed
pathogenesis
initial replication in oropharynx
free and cell-associated viremia
hematopoietic cells destroyed
resting leukocytes are activated to proliferate
permissive for virus
transmission
blood
feces contact
mechanical vectors
general information
general info parvoviruses
non-enveloped
very stable in environment
can only
replicate in S phase cells
can enter any cell
receptor not imporant
usual cribs
fetus
intestinal epithelium
hematopoetic system
infect a wide range of species with varying severity
ssDNA
general aspects of hematopoietic viruses
viremia
may be cell free or cell associated
primary viremia
initial spread from first site of infection
secondary
when virus has replicated in blood tissues
higher virus shedding
higher virus titer
active
caused by replication of viruses introducing virus to the bloodstream
passive
intro of virus w/o replication
examples
mosquito inoculation
physical breaches
blood contact
effects
immunosuppression
immunodeficiency
cancers
lymphomas
leukemias
immune-mediated pathology