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Biomolecules - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Peptide Bond
        
        When two amino acids are positioned so that the carboxyl group of one is adjacent to the amino group of the other, they can become joined by a dehydration reaction
      - Gene
        
        Amino acid sequence of a polypeptide is programmed by the discrete unit of inheritance
      - Organic molecule with both an amino acid group and a carboxyl group
  - - - Delicate coil held together by hydrogen bonding between every fourth animo acid
    - - Two or more segments of the polypeptide chain lying side by side (called β strands) are connected by hydrogen bonds between parts of the two parallel segments of the polypeptide backbone
  - - - Caused by the exclusion of nonpolar substances by water molecules
    - - Covalent bonds that may further reinforce the shape of a protein
- - - - Saturated Fatty Acid
        
        As many hydrogen atoms as possible are bonded to a carbon skeleton
      - Unsaturated Fatty Acid
        
        Trans Fat
        
        Unsaturated fats with trans double-bonds
        
        Has one or more double-bonds. with one fewer hydrogen on each double-bonded carbon
      - Long carbon skeleton (16-18 atoms long), make up a fat molecule
  - - - Phospholipid added to water creating a double-layer sheet
  - - - Crucial steroid in animals, common component of animal cell membranes and the precursor from which other steroids are synthesized
- - - - Covalent bond formed between two monosaccharides by a dehydration reaction
  - - - Reaction that results in a loss of a water molecule during a condensation reaction or conversion
    - - Polysaccharide that is a polymer of glucose similar to amylopectin but more extensively branched
    - - Polysaccharide that is a major component of the tough walls that enclose plant cells
    - - Polysaccharide that is a carbohydrate used by arthropods to build exoskeletons
- - - - Gene Expression
        
        Process in which DNA directs RNA synthesis and controls protein synthesis through RNA
      - Ribose
        
        Sugar in RNA
      - Also functions for its own replication and assists in allowing living organisms to reproduce components to future generations
    - - Sugar in DNA
    - - DNA molecules have two polynucleotides that wind around an imaginary axis
  - - - Pyrimide
        
        One six-membered ring of carbon and nitrogen atoms
      - Purine
        
        Larger than pyrimidines, with a six-membered ring fused to a five-membered ring
      - Monomers that make up polynucleotides, made of a carbon sugar, phosphate group and nitrogenous base