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proteins - Coggle Diagram
proteins
amino acids:
-basic monomers that form polypeptides
-joined by peptide bonds
-polypeptides then form proteins
-20 natural amino acids
-most have a similar structure
polypeptides:
-can form a protein sometimes with another polypeptide
-its structure relates to its function
-primary structure:
-the sequence and number of amino acids in a poly peptide chain
-all have this
-secondary structure:
-the polypeptide twists into a 3D shape
-held together by Hbonds
-forms either a alpha-helix or beta-pleated sheet
-tertiary structure:
-the alpha-helix twists into a more compact structure
-held by Hbonds,disulphide links and ionic bonds
-this allows the protein to carry out its function
-held together by R-groups
-quarternary structure:
-more than 1 polypeptide chain
-may not be the same polypeptide chain
-can associate with non-protein prothetic groups to form a conjugated protein
-not all have this
what are proteins:
-consist of C,H,O+N
-usually big with many monomers
-more variation than in carbs and lipids
-has very specific shapes and structures
-allows it to carry out specific functions
fibrous and globular proteins:
-fibrous:
-long chains of parrellel polypeptides
-disulphide links hold chains together
EG: keratin and collagen
-globular:
-coiled shape
-hydrophobic R-groups in the center
-hydrophillic R-groups on outside - soluble
EG: enzymes and heamoglobin
food tests:
-protein:
-add food sample to NaOH
-then add copper sulfate (ii)
positive: blue to purple
