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Roots - Coggle Diagram
Roots
Other Types of Roots
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Root Modifications
Storage Roots
Prop Roots
make contact with soil, they transport additional nutrients and water to the stem
buttress roots
brace trunk against being blown over by wind
Aerial Roots of Orchids
Contractile Roots
Mycorrhizae
symbiotic relationship with soil fungi in which both organisms benefit
endomyocorrhizal association
hyphae penetrate root cortex as far as the endodermis but cannot pass through the Casparian strip
ectomyocorrhizal relationship
fungal hyphae penetrate between outermost root cortex cells but never inside the cells themselves
Root Nodules and Nitrogen Fixation
infection thread
the tubelike invagination of the plant cell wall where the bacterium sits
nitrogen fixation
conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into usable compounds
root nodule
Haustorial Roots of Parasitic Flowering Plants
haustoria
modified roots of parasitic plants
Roots of Strangler Figs
Internal Structures
Zone of Elongation
Root Apical Meristem
region of cell division
quiescent center
mitotically inactive central region
Zone of Maturation/ Root Hair Zone
endodermis
innermost layer of cortical cells differentiates into a cylinder
Casparian strips
bands of altered walls involved in controlling the types of minerals that enter the xylem water stream
pericycle
parenchyma cells between the vascular tissue and the endodermis
Root Cap
Mature Portions of the Root
root pressure
absorption of minerals in the root hair zone causing a powerful absorption of water and water pressure to build up
passage cells
cells that have only Casparian strips
External Structures
organization of root systems
fibrous root system
root system that does not arise from pre-existing roots and because they are not radicles
radicle
embryonic root that turns into the taproot
adventitious roots
lateral roots
numerous small roots coming out of the taproot
structure of individual roots
mucigel
lubricant that helps the passage of roots through the soil
zone of elongation
zone behind the root cap and apical meristem where cells undergo division and expansion
root cap
thick layer of cells protecting the root apical meristem
root hair zone
behind zone of elongation where epidermal cells extend out as narrow trichomes
root hairs
increase surface area
form in part of root where it is not elongating
Concepts
3 functions of roots
absorb water
producing hormones
gibberellin
cytokininin
anchor plant
stability
taproots and store carbs