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Concept 9.5 - Fermentation and Anaerobic Respiration - Coggle Diagram
Concept 9.5 - Fermentation and Anaerobic Respiration
Fermentation
does not use ETC
allows continuous generation of ATP by glycolysis
regenerates by transferring electrons from NADH to pyuvate
alcohol fermentation
pyruvate is converted to ethanol
releases CO2 from pyruvate
reduced by NADH
lactic acid fermentation
pyruvate is reduced directly by NADH to form lactate
no CO2 relased
human muscle cells use when O2 scarce
2 ATP
Anaerobic respiration
uses ETC
other (less) electronegative substances act as final electron acceptor
prokaryotes in environments without O2
Cellular Respiration
up to 32 ATP
Glycolysis
differences occur in turning NADH to NAD+
obligate anaerobes
only carry out fermentation and anaerobic respiration
cannot survive in presence of oxygen
facultative anaerobes
make enough ATP to survive using fermentation or respiration
must consume sugar much faster for fermentation
evolution
ancient prokaryotes used glycolysis when no O2
now most widespread pathway