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自主神經藥物 - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Vesamicol
        
        抑制vat囊泡儲存
      - Botulinum toxin
        
        抑制囊泡釋放
      - Hemicholinium
        
        抑制cht回收
    - - atropine
        
        asthma
        麻醉前給藥、降低唾腺分泌
        hyper motility of GI
        dilation
        dry mouth、constipation、心律不整
      - hyosine, ipratropium and pirenzepine
      - tropicamide
        
        散瞳短
      - cyclopentolate
        
        散瞳長
    - - Non-depolarising
        
        tubocurarine、pancuronium, atracurium, vecuronium
        
        不通過bbb
        插管時使用
        IV
      - depolarising
        
        suxamethonium、succinylcholine
        
        作用nachr
        minutes
        IV
        malignant hyperthermia
  - - - neostigmine
        
        不能通過bbb
        治療mg、神經肌肉阻斷劑解毒
      - physostigmine
        
        通過bbb
        治療atropine overdose
        neuromuscular-blocking drug解毒
      - organophosphate
        
        Echothiophate
        
        作用時間80hrs
        可被高劑量atropine治療
      - edrophonium
        
        diagnosis of myasthenia gravis
      - donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine, tacrine
        
        阿茲海默
    - - bethanechol
        
        術後GI功能回覆
        排尿功能恢復
      - pilocarpin
        
        青光眼
      - Acetylcholine, carbachol, methacholine
- - - - a-methyltyrosine
        
        tyrosine hydroxylase
      - Methyldopa
        
        the treatment of hypertension during pregnancy
        長期使用有肝臟毒性
      - reserpine
        
        抑制vmat囊泡釋放
        depression，會穿過bbb
    - - clonidine, methyldopa
        
        治療hypertension
    - - phenoxybenzamine,`phentolamine
        
        preoperative management of phenochromocytoma
        降血壓效果不好（阻斷α2）
        心跳會加快
    - - prazosin, doxazosin and terazosin
        
        降血壓
    - - propranolol,
        
        治療心絞痛、高血壓、心律不整
        搭配利尿劑
        糖尿病人注意會不會hypoglycermia
      - nadolol, and timolol
    - - atenolol, metoprolol, and esmolol
        
        治療呼吸問題、insulin高血壓
  - - - Cocaine:
        
        會通過bbb
      - Amphetamine
        
        會通過bbb
        從net、vmat進去，取代ne位置，促進釋放
    - - epinephrine
        
        cardiac output加快β1
        低劑量刺激β2，vasodilation
        高劑量刺激α1，vasoconstriction，皮膚腎臟
        bronchodilationβ2
        Hpyerglycemia
        IV
        Cardiac arrhythmias
        治療acute asthma、glaucoma、cardiac arrest、增加局部麻醉作用時間
        Cardiac arrhythmias、hemorrhage、pulmonary edema
      - Selective a1
        
        phenylephrine, oxymetazoline
        
        治療hypotension, shock, nasal decongestion
      - Non-selective b
        
        isoproterenol
        
        relieve bronchoconstriction
      - Selective b1
        
        dobutamine
        
        治療心臟衰竭
        心律不整
      - Selective b2
        
        metaproterenol, salbutamol, terbutaline, salmeterol and ritodrine
        
        支氣管擴張、子宮平滑肌舒張
        asthma、安胎藥