Regionalism

Regions

Historic - based on common sacred symbols and myths Ex: Rajputana - Rajasthan and MP

Linguistic - AP, TN, Karnataka

Cultural - North and South India

Variables

Geography - Hilly tribes, forest tribes

Language

Religion - Punjab, Kashmir

Types

Supra-state - Dravinadu movement - group identity of several states

Inter-state - Cauvery river water dispute

Intra-state - Telangana formation, Saurashtra by Gujarat people

Characteristics

Political

Economic

Social

Inadequate representation

Inequality

Health, education, IMR, MMR

Psychic phenomenon

Expression of group identity and loyalty to a region

Can prevent people from other regions get benefitted for larger good

Causes

Green revolution - rise of rich landed peasantry - political parties

Widening of electoral democracy

perception of economic discrimination or urge for speeder development - Jharkhand is underdeveloped even with rich natural resources

Economic non-performance of larger states

Assertion of different dialect communities

Decline of INC as dominant party - dependence increased on the regional political parties

Central political parties attempting to undermine regional parties

FDI - underdeveloped regions are not getting any investments

Positive Impacts

Scope for balanced regional development

Most of the demands have been within the constitutional framework

Self determination - important role in building of the nation

Socio-cultural diversity is given due importance

Negative Impacts

Internal security issues - Naxalism

serious threat to the development and unity of the nation which can impact the Peace and Economy

induced violence disturbs the whole society

impacts the development of the HR

Vote bank politics based on language and culture - National policies are now dominated by regional demands

Hurdle to international policy and diplomacy

Impacts India's status in the global arena

Suggestions

Doing away with regional imbalance

top priority to the economic development of deprived zones

check on regional political parties

Incentives to private players to develop in backward states through incentives, taxation relaxations etc.,

Acculturation - Diffusion and inter-mingling of cultures

Developed means of transport and communication

Proper education which inculcate positive values regarding regionalism