Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
temperate broadleaf woodlands - Coggle Diagram
temperate broadleaf woodlands
-a wide range of species live in temperate broadleaf woodland
-a majority of plant species growth depends on soil conditions
tree species:
-oak:
-a wide range of tolerance
-ash:
-alkaline soil (limestone)
-beech:
-moist soil
ecological features:
-soils are deep and fertile:
-leads to more resistance to soil erosion and faster growth rates
-the tree canopy layer is present from spring-autumn:
-more rainfall interception
-lack of available food sources in the winter:
-many animals become less active in the winter or store food, hibernate or migrate
why are our woodlands important:
-high biodiversity:
-creates a higher ecological stability
-resources:
-for timber, construction and wood building
-climate control:
-absorbs CO2 and stores it via carbon sequestriation
-soil erosion control
-recreation:
-many woodlands are used for public recreation
threats:
woodland clearence (deforestation/fragmentation):
-plantations
-urban development
-transportation infrastructure
-mineral extraction
-farmland
habitat fragmentation:
-woodland clearence may leave areas of forest isolated from each other (fragmentation)
-if animals cannot move between areas they become more vunerable
conservation:
-different woodland management techniques create woodlands of different wildlife value:
-coppicing: Coppicing is the woodland management technique of repeatedly felling trees at the base (or stool), and allowing them to regrow, in order to provide a sustainable supply of timber.
-pollarding: Pollarding is a woodland management method of encouraging lateral branches by cutting off a tree stem or minor branches two or three metres above ground level. The tree is then allowed to regrow after the initial cutting
-afforestation: Afforestation is the process of introducing trees and tree seedlings to an area that has previously not been forested. Afforestation can be done through tree planting and seeding, naturally or artificially.
-designated protected areas:
-Sherwood forest natural nature reserve
-Epping forest (SAC)
-there are many woodland SSSIs
-many UK national parks have areas of deciduous forest
-legal protection of ancient woodland in the UK:
-the 2020 national planning policy states tha permission will be refused to those developing on ancient woodland
-overgrazing by deer or deliberate clearence of growth regeneration may permenently damage woodland
