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MEMBRANE LIPIDS - Coggle Diagram
MEMBRANE LIPIDS
ether lipids
phospholipids with fatty acids in ether linkages
functional significance of ether rather than ester not known
glycolipids
galactolipids (sulfolipids)
function: predominate in plant cells, chloroplast membranes, adaption to low phosphate soil because they conserve phosphate for nucleic acids
GALACTOSE PART OF HEAD GROUP (glycolipid head group)
sphingolipids
parent: ceramide
derived from sphingosine rather than glycerol (still 3 C backbone), parent sphingolipid FA is attached to amide at C2, head group joined by phosphodiester or glyosidic linkage
SPHINGOMYELIN
head group: phosphocholine or phosphoethanolamine = THEY ARE PHOSPHOLIPIDS
no net charge at head group at physiological pH
sphingosine backbone
GLYCOSPHINGOLIPID
: mostly on outer face of plasma membrane, head groups have 1 or more sugars on C1 of ceramide, no net charge at pH 7 = neutral glycolipids !!RESPONSIBLE FOR BLOOD TYPE!!
cerebrosides
neutral glycolipids, glucosylcerebroside (glucose)
globosides
lactosylceramide, di-tri, or tetrasaccharide
glycolipid headgroup, sphingosine backbone
GANGLIOSIDE
: polar head group = oligosaccharides
carbohydrate portion has one or more N acetylneuraminic acids (a sialic acid)
complex oligosaccharide
glycolipid head group, sphingosine backbone
CAN ALSO BE PHOSPHOLIPID
glycerophospholipids (phosphoglycerides)
parent molecule: phosphatidic acid
glycerol backbone, phosphocontaining headgroup
(structural): phospholipids and sterols, built to provide stability, but also mobility for membrane components
