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Philosophical currents 1C, image, image, image, image, image, image, image…
Philosophical currents 1C
Rationalism
Main authors: René Descartes, Baruch Spinoza, Pythagoras
Interesting fact:
Beliefs connected to rationalism were that the triangle had 2 angles, the mind is separated from the body and our senses fail us to know the truth. René Descartes states "I think, therefore, I exist"
Description
: A methodology or theory essential in logic that regards reason as the main source of knowledge without needing to experience something. This is possible by deduction, innate ideas and reason.
Empiricism
Main authors:
John Locke, Aristotle, George Berkeley, Francis Bacon
Interesting fact: We cannot know anything unless that information comes from our senses
Description:
It means that all your knowledge is originated from your experience and what you perceive with your senses.
Humanism
Interesting fact:
There is also a Christian humanism that is believes that human freedom, individual conscience, and unencumbered rational inquiry have to do with Christian faith.
Main authors:
Francesco Perarca, François Rabelais Eramus
Description:
It tries to see man as a rational and sentient being, with the ability to decide and think for himself. It believes that man has an inherently good nature
Pragmatism
Main authors:
Charles Sanders Peirce, Richard Rorty, William James
Interesting** Fact:
An interesting fact about pragmatism is that it is thought that all the instruments and everything around helps to solve problems
Description:
It is a philosophical movement that focuses on practice being the best and most effective way of learning in addition to being satisfactory for the human being.
Hedonism
Main Authors.- Aristipus (Founder of Hedonism), Epicurus, Jeremy Bentham, John Mill, Thomas Carlyle, Robert Nozick.
Interesting Fact.- According to Dereck Parfit pain can also be considered as pleasure.
Description.- It Is a philosophical movement that believes the only way to have a good life is looking for pleasure and avoiding pain.
Aristotelianism
Description
: It is a philosophical school based on the work of the Greek philosopher Aristotle, where the main idea is emphasized in reality and the way to have a good life always based on ethics.
Main Authors:
Aristotle, Theophrastus, Eudemo de Rodas.
Interesting fact: In the image we see that plato is point down an that's because he sees things abstract and Aristotle point down beacue he say that we have to see the reality.
Platonism
Main suthors: Plato,Proclus,Damascius
Fun fact: the phrase "platonic love" comes from the bases of platonism of abstract objetcs
Description: Platonism is the view that ideal “forms” exist, a perfect archetype of which objects in the word are imperfect copies. Also abstract objects are objects that they exist but not physically, like numbers.
Scholasticism
Main authors:- St. Anselm of Canterbury -St. Thomas Aquinas - William of Ockham
Interesting facts: Most of their theories try to explain the existence of God
Description: Scholasticism is best known for its attempts to reconcile the philosophy of the ancient classical philosophers (particularly Aristotle) with Christian theology.
