It is a process or activity of clarifying terms, thoughts and principles that guide education and problem that inhibit education

Consisting of body of concepts, principles and values that underlining educational practices and then rationalizes current practices

Basically based on the Five National Principles (Rukunegara)

To develop a world-class quality education system which will realize the full potential of the individual and fulfill the aspiration of the Malaysian nation.

To serve as an enlightenment to provide guidance to all efforts used to develop and improve the national education

To provides the policy and basic consideration to determine the objectives of National Education.

As a reference to help educators to understand the national education system and provide necessary guidance for educators to carry out their educational duties

To provide the policy and the basic consideration to plan the school curriculum, design learning materials and determine strategies for teaching-learning activities.

To instruct students who will be able to fulfill their duties as responsible citizens

To produce progressive, skillful and efficient citizens to carry out the duties productively and satisfactorily so as to contribute towards the advancement and development of the country.

Metaphysics

• Important as the individual potentials and abilities will developed in a holistic and integrated manner

Epistemology

• Important to be able to adapt to the new developments
• Changes to knowledge and personal skills development
• Life-long learning emphasis

Axiology

• Role of vertical and horizontal relationship ( individual with God, others and environment)
• Acceptance of God as the Creator and Almighty
• The importance of religious and moral teaching
• Focus on human development
• Emphasis on personality development

Logic

• Need for good and systematic wok procedures
• As fostering of self-competence