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Transport Processes - Coggle Diagram
Transport Processes
Methods
Diffusion
materials moving across a membrane
I know a lot about this whole mechansim
Biochem, Physiology, Anatomy, all heavily reliant on this
Osmosis
the diffusion of water
controlled by the osmotic pressure
[sugar],[proteins],[ions]
movement across a semipermeable membrane
can be facilitated by aquaporins
Active Transport
requires energy
uses proteins embedded in membrane
molecular pumps
moves molecules against their concentration gradient
Cell membrane
permeability
free=everything
completely impermeable=nothing
differentially/selectively=somethings
used for the formation of vessicles
exocytosis
intracellular transport
Short-Distance Intercellular Transport
Guard Cells
#
opening and closing of stomata
caused by the short distance transfer of ions
Na+,K+ pumped into cell
water follows into cell
causes swelling
stomata opens
Na+,K+ pumped out of the cell
water follows out of cell
stomata closes
Motor Cells
joints at which some leaves fold or rotate
major leaf movements orchestrated by the movement of water
intensive pumping system
cells communicate and share with neighbors
symplast
continuum of cells cytoplasm through entire organism
apoplast
cell walls and intercellular spaces
Transfer Cells
highly convoluted cell membrane
increases surface area for pump sites
Water Potential
Cells and Water Movement
think of dialysis tubing experiment from physiology
water will move into and out of cells based on internal makeup
incipient plasmolysis
water loss->pulling away from cell wall
plasmolyzed
means pulled all the way from wall
the chemical potential of water
#
a factor of concentation
a measure of free energy
pressure potential
#
the effect that pressure has on water potential
units
megapascals
bars
osmotic potential
effect that solutes have on water potential
matric potential
water's adhesion to nondissolved structures
capillary action
water moves from high to low water potential
means high, - means low
Long-Distance Transport
Phloem
pressure flow hypothesis
sugars actively transported into sieve tube members
increased molarity of sugars
water potential becomes more negative
water flows into cell
forces protoplasm out of holes on end of cell
mashes contents into next cell and down the line
can also be loaded by polymer trap mechanism
simple sugars diffuse into transport cells
mass transfer
amount of material moved by phloem per hour
Xylem
Properties of Water
water is:
cohesive
sticks to itself
surface tension
both properties are very important
adhesive
sticks to other surfaces
capillary action
Water Transport Through Xylem
we have covered this numerous times in both lecture and lab
Control of Water Transport by Guard Cells
I am very familiar with the concept
open stoma causes water to be pulled all the way from root
water is moved by the water potential differential created by open stomata
