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Multisystemic Diseases of LA: Sheep/Goat lentiviruses (OPP and CAE) -…
Multisystemic Diseases of LA: Sheep/Goat lentiviruses (OPP and CAE)
ovine progressive pneumonia
aka
Maedi-Visna
OvLV
ovine lentivirus
OPP
signs
chronic progressive unresponsive pneumonia
labored breathing
lagging behind flock
coughing
fever due to secondary bacterial infection
indurative mastitis
hard udder
symetrically enlarged
little to no milk
arthritis
swollen joints
stiff gait
reluctant to rise
rare neurological signs
unsteady gait
twitching
posterior paralysis
weigh loss w/ normal appetite
may be 2y before clinical signs show
seroprevalence 30-70%
course is prolonged, lifelong, initially subclinical
transmission
colostrum/milk (10-30%)
respiratory secretions (70-90%)
ear taggers, dirty drenchers
vertical transmission
(<5%)
pathogenesis
infection establishes in macrophages and monocytes
spreads to...
LNs
choroid plexus
will cause neuro signs
spleen
bone marrow
mammary glands
kidneys
lungs
max titer occurs 4-6w
viral loads reduces by 8w
virus constantly mutating, immune system constantly responding
infection persists via...
latency
long-term infection of monocytes
viral mutation
diagnosis
serology
AGID
ELISA
Elitest (UMN)
organism tests
PCR
VI
necropsy
if there are Abs, there is infection
no treatment exists
eradication strategies
old method
separate lambs from infected dams at birth
need alt colostrum and milk
cull or segregate positives
test every 6-12mo
new method
Caprine arthritis encephalitis virus
seroprevalence
(31-73%)
mode of transmission
resp secretions
colostrum.milk
iatrogenic
manifestions
leukoencephalomyelitis in kids 2-6m
proressive paresis and paralysis
eventual recumbency
may succumb to pneumonia or secondary infections
recovery is rare but possible
CN signs in >50%
indurative mastitis
chronic polysynovitis
intestinal pneumonia in mature goats
mild
subclinical
diagnosis
history
same as OPP
control
same as OPP
maintain 2 separate goat herds
avoid comingling at fairs and shows
only purchase from seroneg herds
6m quaratine if not guaranteed negative
culling of sero+ adults
heat-treat/pasteurize milk