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Anti-oxidants, Free radicals, Vitamins, Water soluble, as, as, netralizes…

- - - - Vitamin E
  - - - Retinols (Vitamin A)
- - - - Sellenium
        
        are present in
        
        Vegetables
        
        including
        
        brocolli
        
        mushrooms
        
        Grains
        
        including
        
        whole grain bread
        
        Animal products
        
        including
        
        meats
        
        fish and seafood
        
        toxicity results in
        
        Selenosis
        
        symptoms include
        
        hair loss
        
        rashes
        
        severe pain
        
        gastrointestinal disorders
        
        needed for
        
        Proteins
        
        selenoproteins
        
        which are
        
        catalysts
        
        deficiency leads to
        
        Keshan disease
        
        cardiomyopathy
        
        muscle problems
        
        decreased metabolism
        
        in food preparation
        
        is not lost
        
        function is
        
        to protect against
        
        free radicals
        
        oxidation
        
        to aid in
        
        metabolism
        
        non-antioxidant role
        
        is to
        
        aid thyroid hormone
        
        by
        
        regulating growth and temperature
    - - activating enzymes
- - - - is made up of
        
        Retinols
        
        which come from
        
        animal products
        
        Carotenoids
        
        which come from
        
        plant-based foods
      - antioxidant functions include
        
        protection against cell membranes
        and low density lipoproteins
        
        prevention of cancer and arthritis development
        
        quenching free radicals
      - Deficiency
        
        leads to
        
        impaired vision
        
        poor immune system
        
        defects in mucous production
        
        poor growth, development, and reproduction
      - is found in
        
        animal foods
        
        as
        
        retinols. retinal, retinoic acid
        
        including
        
        liver
        
        not
        
        required for a nutritious diet
        
        plant foods
        
        beta-carotenoids
        
        as
        
        green and orange vegetables
        
        orange and red fruit
      - Toxicity
        
        has 3 types
        
        Teratogenic
        
        caused by
        
        supplemental vitamin A during pregnancy
        
        Chronic
        
        caused by
        
        intakes of 10 DRI over time
        
        Acute
        
        caused by
        
        a single large dose
        
        symptoms are
        
        loss of appetite
        
        nausea
        
        headaches
        
        is caused by
        
        Supplements
        
        High animal food intake
        
        Medications
        
        most affected
        
        smokers
      - non-antioxidant roles include
        
        regulation of immune system and vision
        
        growth, development, and reproduction
        
        health of mucous membranes
        
        vision
    - - protects against
        
        oxidation of cell membranes
        
        low density lipoproteins
      - promotes
        
        Anti-aging in eyes
        
        Immune system support
        
        Skin protection
      - deficiency can cause
        
        Heart disease
        
        Epithelial damage
        
        DNA damage
      - is found in
        
        Orange and red fruit
        
        Dark green and orange vegetables
      - toxicity
        
        Hypercarotenemia
    - - is found in
        
        seeds
        
        plant oils
        
        nuts
      - deficiency
        
        can lead to hemolytic anemia
        
        is greatest in pre-term infants
      - serves to
        
        protect cell
        membranes
        
        protect DNA from oxidizing damage
        
        reduce platelet
        aggregation
      - toxicity
        
        is likely due to supplement use
        
        can lead to muscle weakness, fatigue, and nausea
        
        increases anticoagulant activity
- - - - ascorbic acid
    - - dehydroascorbic acid
        
        removes free
        radical
        intermediates
  - - - Smokers
        
        should consume
        
        35 mg/day more than non-smokers
        
        because
        
        tobacco oxidants
        cause radical
        damage
      - Burn Patients
      - Alcoholics
    - - Scurvy
        
        symptoms include
        
        Bleeding gums, loose teeth
        
        Petechaie (hemmorages on face and limbs)
        
        Weakness, wounds not healing
      - Widespread tissue breakdown
  - - - Diarrhea
      - Rebound scurvy
      - Kidney stone formation
    - - catalyzes free
        radical transformation