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Hydrocephalus: Malformations: Neuropathology - Coggle Diagram
Hydrocephalus
: Malformations: Neuropathology
characteristics
acquired or congenital
can appear in any animal
increase in CSF volume
imbalance of production and reabsorption of CSF spinal fluid
clinical signs
prosencephalic signs
in congential cases
early onset
hysterical/manic behavior
forget learned behavior
obtunded
head pressing
circling/pacing
seizures
types
communicating
CSF accumulation in subarachnoid space and ventricular system
uncommon
physical alteration of arachnoid granulation
reduced resorption rate of CSF
usually acuqired
suggested causes
vit A deficiency
meningitis/meningoencephalitis
neoplastic process
non-communicating/obstructive
obstruction of CSF flow
most common congenital anomaly of dogs
not always clinically relevant
interventricular foramina
unilateral ventricular dilation
large opening therefore uncommmon
cause is usually mass in intraventricular foramina vicinity
mesencephalic aqueduct
causes
hereditary
inflammatory lesions with ependymal destruction/compression
reparative process restricting the duct
arachnoid cyst
proper CSF circulation for dum-dums
from choroid plexus (prouction site) to arachnoidal villi
efficient passage through 3 bottlenecks required
morphological consequences
hydrostatic edema
herniation
atrophy
