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Topic 1 - Coggle Diagram
Topic 1
Equations
E=hf
E=hc/λ
E is photon (J)
h is Planck's constant (6.36x10⁻³⁴ Js)
c is the constant for the speed of light
(3.00x10⁸ ms⁻¹)
λ is wavelength (m)
1 MeV = 1.6x10⁻¹³ (J)
1 eV = 1.6x10⁻¹⁹ (J)
Specific charge = charge / mass
Nucleon notation
A is the Nucleon number (Mass number)
X is the element
Z is the Proton number (Atomic number)
Atomic particles
Electrons
Mass = 9.11x10⁻³¹ kg
Relative charge = -1
Charge = -1.60x10⁻¹⁹ C
Relative mass = 0.0005
Neutrons
Charge = 0 C
Mass = 1.67x10⁻²⁷ kg
Relative charge = 0
Relative mass = 1
Protons
Charge = +1.60x10⁻¹⁹ C
Mass = 1.67x10⁻²⁷ kg
Relative charge = +1
Relative mass = 1
Fermions
Leptons
Tau
Tau Neutrino
Electron
Electron Neutrino
Muon
Muon Neutrino
Leptons are fundamental particles
Hadrons
Mesons
Pion
Kaon
Made from a quark and an anti-quark
Baryons
Quarks
Bottom
Top
Down
Strange
Up
Charm
Quarks are fundamental particles
Made from 3 quarks
Nucleons
Pair production and Annihilation
Annihilation
When a particle meets its antiparticle is can result in annihilation
All the mass of the particle and antiparticle get converted back into energy in the form of two gamma
Eₘᵢₙ = E₀
E₀ is the rest energy of particle type (MeV)
Eₘᵢₙ is the minimum energy of photon produced
Pair production
Energy can be converted into mass which produces equal amounts of matter and antimatter
Example: 2 photons collide and produce a proton - antiproton pair
Eₘᵢₙ = 2E₀
E₀ is the rest energy of particle type produced (MeV)
Eₘᵢₙ is the minimum energy needed (MeV)
