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ESP (English for Specific Purposes) - Coggle Diagram
ESP (English for Specific Purposes)
Evolution
Needs:
Strevens (1977: 150) language - using purposes of the learner.
Dudley Evans & St. John (1998: 4) Designed to meet specific needs of the learner.
Halliday, Strevens & McIntosh (1964: 189) Identify the language used in specific contexts.
Belcher(2004, 2009) First and foremost finding out what learner needs are.
Language
Analysis
Strevens (1977: 150) "communicative
needs” and “languageusing purposes”
Dudley Evans & St. John (1998: 4) Centered on the
language, skills, discourse and genres appropriate
to these activities.
Halliday, Strevens & McIntosh (1964: 189) Detailed studies of restricted languages
Belcher(2004, 2009) Emphasis on social-situatedness of language use
Materials &
Methods
Strevens (1977: 150) Use of methodology “appropriate to the learning/teaching situation.
Dudley Evans & St. John (1998: 4) Makes use of the underlying methodology and activities of the disciplines it serves.
Halliday, Strevens & McIntosh (1964: 189) appropriate and extra specialized teaching materials.
Belcher(2004, 2009) “Developing or adapting materials and methods to enable needsresponsive instruction.
Focus
Strevens (1977: 150) Texts and purposes.
Dudley Evans & St. John (1998: 4) Learners and genres.
Halliday, Strevens & McIntosh (1964: 189) Words and structures
Belcher(2004, 2009) Contexts and
interactions.
Types
EBE ( English for Business and Economics)
EAP
EOP
ESS (English for Social Science)
EAP
EOP
EST (English for Science and Technology)
EAP (English for Academic Purposes)
EOP (English for Occupational Purposes)
ELT (English Language Teaching) ESP and its types are related to ELP as they are mainly concerned with communication and learning.