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Movement in Geography - Coggle Diagram

- - - - This is a problem because gentrification, while improving the region's economy, also destroys culture and tradition
        
        An example of this is the gentrification of Downtown Eastside in Vancouver. The area used to be poor and could cater to the working classes' needs, but after the gentrification they were forced to move out.
    - - For example: the roadways, housing, energy, public services, etc.
    - - Both are examples of urbanized epicenters, and there has been a dramatic increase of both recently.
    - - This is an example of a city without proper infrastructure. They may be dangerous, but are also vibrant
- - - - Definition: things that attract and convince people to move to somewhere else.
      - Examples include jobs, family living there, or just adventure and leisure.
    - - Definition: things that force people to move out of their own hometown.
      - Examples include unsafe health conditions, war, lack of education or health care
        
        Asylum
        
        Definition: an official grant from the host country (the country to which an immigrant moves to) for a person for protection from their home country
        
        While being the "safest" way to immigrate, it is ineffective in that only a small fraction of asylum applications are accepted
        
        Refugees
        
        Arab Spring
        
        Arab Spring is a group of recent uprisings against dictators in the Middle East and Northern Africa. This resulted in major protests and civil wars, which in turn procured many refugees.
        
        Syria
        
        As a result of Arab Spring, Syria has been in a civil war for the better part of a decade. Because of the civil war, Syria is the country with the most refugees from it.
        
        Many refugees die attempting to emigrate, and its surrounding countries cannot handle the amount of refugees. It has become a serious humanitarian crisis.
        
        UNHRC
        
        Stands for United Nations Refugee Agency - U.N. supported agency addressing refugees across the world.
        
        However, it is lacking funds to help all of the refugees.
        
        Definition: a person who escapes a country due to unsafe conditions enacted by the government.
        
        This is a humanitarian problem and countries just can't handle/care for the many refugees that are flooding in.
    - - Definition: an immigrant who has all the required paperwork and has an approved legal status to move to another country.
        
        There is immigration everywhere at all times. Sometimes governments are having trouble handling the huge influx of immigrants, and many countries are struggling to resolve illegal immigration.
    - - Definition: an immigrant who does not have approved legal paperwork or legal status. By various means they are able to enter another country illegally.
- - - - Creative Destruction is the process of constantly making new production units to replace the old ones.
    - - A global supply chain is a chain of a company that supplies different parts, maybe because the parts are cheaper there.
    - - Positives of globalization include cultural integration, improved standard of living, new and better ideas, and better overall economy.
      - Negatives of globalization include loss of domesticality, economic dependence, and political tension from international relations.
  - - - Definition: Things that are made in one country and taken out for delivery to another country.
      - These things include goods, services, and money/capital investment
        
        Goods are all physical objects/products for consumer use like clothing, food, devices.
        
        Services are all things that other people can do for you - jobs such as transport, legal work, and financial services.
        
        Capital Investment is getting the most profit by making business in different countries, such as buying parts or making factories in different countries due to it being cheaper.
    - - Definition: Things that are made in one country and brought into another country.
    - - Scarcity
        
        Countries cannot produce everything they need themselves, so they import it from others.
      - Specialization
        
        Some countries specialize in certain areas and can do it way better than others, so the other countries will import from them.
      - Comparative Advantage
        
        Some countries have comparative advantage, which is the ability to do one action more efficiently than another, so a company might have a factory in a place where people are more skilled in doing something.
    - - For example, if you import more things than you export from a country, then you have a negative balance of trade - this can affect international relationships.
    - - China
        
        China is a huge trading giant and is rapidly gaining wealth. Many things are made in China, and the U.S. gets a lot of those things from trading with China. The U.S. has a negative balance of trade with China
      - Canada and Mexico
        
        The U.S. trades a lot with Canada and Mexico because of their geographic proximity to the U.S. Canada gets the most imports from the U.S.
    - - commodity
        
        Commodities are raw materials that are directly from its source
        
        Commodities are the "least valuable" thing in the trade process. Companies capitalize on this by making even minor changes to the commodity and selling it for way more the they bought it.
        
        Fair Trade is a program that prevents the original owners of the commodity from becoming impoverished due to this system. If the economy drops, Fair Trade guarantees them a specific amount of money, and they also help with things like local education and water sources.
      - Container ships
        
        These are ships that carry traded goods across the seas and oceans.
        
        The ship size has increased so dramatically recently that some are unable to fit through choke points and are meant for Transatlantic or Transpacific trade only.
      - Choke points
        
        Definition: narrow passageways that lots of cargo ships pass through.
        
        The country or countries that control a choke point have control of a big part of the trading economy, which gives them lots of power.
      - A common way to define how wealthy a country is is by calculating their GDP, or the value of all produced goods from the country.
        
        A more precise way is by calculating the GDP per capita (per person), dividing the GDP by a country's population to depict how much the average citizen makes there.