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Movement in Geography - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Examples: Education, transportation, electricity/energy sources, health care, sewer systems,etc.
  - - - Examples: New York City (18 mil), Tokyo (38 mil)
    - - Examples: Paris, London, Mexico City
      - (Also the political, cultural, and economic center of a country.
    - - Urban Sprawl around periphery
      - Growth along transportation axes
      - Satellite development
      - New city center
- - - - Lack of economic opportunity (jobs)
      - Lack of health care
      - Lack of education opportunities.
    - - More economic activity
      - Family ties
      - Excitement (particularly for young people)
  - - - Brain Drain: more educated and ambitious people leave
    - - Challenges to infrastructure: too many people
- - - - Goods such as food and objects
      - Services such as banking or legal services.
      - Money/investments can be traded
    - - Balance of Trades: The difference between exports and imports (Exports minus Imports)
      - Exports: Things that are sent from a country
      - Imports: Goods that come into a country
      - Commodity: A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought or sold
      - GDP(Gross Domestic Product): The value of how much stuff a country produces.
      - Choke points: Narrow points where boats go through. (Canals)
    - - Scarcity: Not enough stuff made in a single place
      - Specialization: A country focuses on making one thing. (Usually makes it the best.)
      - Comparative advantage: Countries specialize in making goods or services so they have a comparative advantage.
    - - Pros:
        
        Improved standard of living/more stuff
        
        People in a country get more stuff
        
        Cheaper products
        
        Items cost less because they were made in a different country
        
        Job creation
        
        More people get jobs exporting and importing things
        
        Exposure to new ideas and products.
        
        Example: People can get exposed to new fashion trends in other counties
        
        Opportunity for increased cooperation between counties.
        
        With counties trading more, they work together more which can lead to more friendliness between the countries.
      - Cons:
        
        Domestic Job loss
        
        Since things are being made in other countries, they don't need to make those things in their own country, so people loose jobs.
        
        Loss of economic independence
        
        If a country is dependent on other countries for a certain item and then the two countries stop trading, the dependent country won't know what to do.
        
        Exploitation of people and resources.
        
        People in poorer countries can be taken advantage of: work for too little, bad working conditions, etc. environmental degradation can also occur if the environment is exploited.
        
        Increased political tensions
        
        Trading can cause some countries to have increased political tensions if they refuse to trade or if the countries weren't friendly towards each other to begin with.
  - - - Examples
        
        People traveling to different countries
        
        Trade
        
        Communication
        
        Transportation