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Movement in Geography DRAFT - Coggle Diagram
Movement in Geography DRAFT
Urbanization
Brain Drain
A brain drain is where more educated people or people who leave to find more opportunities leave a rural area.
Carrying Capacity
The carrying capacity the number of people in an environment can support.
Creative Destruction
It is getting rid of a long-standing practice in order to make way for new innovation and ideas. It is a driving force of capitalism.
Favela
A slum that is specific to Brazil. Many drug dealers still have a big influence on the people that live in favelas. There is much police brutality in these slums especially when it comes to the idea of pacification, but there are also good things. People are more creative when it comes to reusing materials such as plastic and figuring out ways to live in such crowded areas. Slavery and migration are the main factors that built favelas.
Gentrification
This is the process of renovating or improving a district so that it conforms to middle-class taste
Infrastructure
The basic physical and organizational structure of a society. Ex: jobs, food, water, energy sources, education, transportation, recreation, health services, police /fire protection, housing, environmental services, sanitation, law enforcement
Megacity
This is a city with a population that is greater than 10 million people (aka Megalopolis). Example: New York City is a megacity. (18 million people)
Primate City
This is a city whose population is at least twice the population of the second-largest city (in the country). It is also usually the political, cultural, and economical center of the country. Example: Paris, France; Mexico City, Mexico; London, England
Rural
Rural or countryside areas are areas that are located outside of towns and cities. Rural areas don’t have much people or infrastructure as they are located away from urban populations, Usually, people leave rural areas to go to urban areas.
Rural to Urban Migration:
Push Factors
People are
pushed
out of rural areas to urban areas because of a lack of economic opportunities (no jobs), a lack of a health care system, and a lack of education systems.
Rural to Urban Migration:
Pull Factors
People are
pulled
towards urban areas from rural areas because there are more economic opportunities (more jobs), family ties, and excitement, particularly for young people.
Suburban
A suburban area is a residential area outside a very densely populated urban. They have ok infrastructure, better than rural areas infrastructure but it could be improved. Suburban areas do not stray too far from urban areas.
Urban
An urban area is an area with high population density and infrastructure. Urban areas are quite developed with many industrial jobs and not as many agricultural jobs.
Vancouver
Vancouver is one of Canada’s most densely populated and ethnically diverse cities. Over the years it has gone through the process of gentrification to earn more money off of tourists visiting the city.
Migration
Arab Springs
A series of anti-government protests, uprisings, and armed rebellions that spread across much of the Arab world in the early 2010s
Asylum
When people flee their countries as political refugees because they no longer feel safe, they go to countries that will provide asylum, which is the protection granted by a nation to the political refugee.
Documented Immigrant
They areforeign-born people who are legally admitted to a country.
Immigrant
A person who comes to live permanently in a foreign country.
Refugee
Someone who flees their own country due to a fear of persecution because of the person's religion, race, culture, views (political), and/or social groups. A refugee has fear for their life which is the main reason to flee their country. There are international laws around the world that protect the rights and have certain laws for refugees. For example, refugees have the right to stay with their families. They are also not forced back into the country that they fled from.
Syria
A country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon to the southwest, the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. Many refugees come from Syria due to the Arab Springs.
Undocumented Immigrant
People who have illegally immigrated. This means they have not followed immigration laws.
UNHRC
An international organization responsible for the protection of refugees worldwide that was established by the United Nations
Globalization and Trade
The US's Biggest
Trading Partners
Canada
Canada is the country that is to the north of the United States. It’s the United States’ neighbor. One of the United States’ biggest trading partners. The United States exports the most to Canada.
China
China is a country in Asia and is currently the world’s most populous country. China is one of the United States’ biggest trading partners. The United States imports the most stuff from China.
Mexico
Mexico is a country on the continent of North America that borders the United States. Mexico is one of the United States’ biggest trading partners.
Balance of Trade
The balance of trade is the difference between exports and imports (exports minus imports). It’s better to have more exports as there are more jobs. If a country imports more than it exports than the balance of trade is negative. This is not necessarily bad.
Capital/investment
This is the wealth in the form of money or other assets owned by a person or organization and is available or contributed for a particular purpose such as starting a company or investing in other companies. The action or process of investing money for profit or material result is called investments.
Chokepoint
These are channels of shipping that have high traffic because of their strategic locations.
Commodity
A raw material or primary agricultural product that can be bought and sold.
Comparative Advantage
The ability of an individual or group to carry out a particular economic activity (such as making a specific product) more efficiently than another activity. Example: The United States specializes in the production of weapons as they have the resources and they are good at it. This is a factor for trading.
Container Ship
A ship that is designed to carry goods stowed in containers.
Exports
Exports are things that get sold or sent to other countries from our country.
Fairtrade
Fairtrade is trading between companies in developed countries and producers in developing countries in which fair prices are paid to the producers.
Globalization
This is how countries and people of the world interact and integrate. The interaction between different regions and people.
Global Supply Chain
Global supply chain is where people make different parts in different places for one product. Example: Avengers: Infinity Wars was filmed in different parts of the world and then all of it was put together.
Goods
Stuff, merchandise, or possessions that are traded.
Imports
Imports are things that come into our country from other places.
Losers from
Globalization
These are the people who are not benefited from globalization. This includes the low-skilled workers who lose their jobs due to immigration and trade and cannot find equally well-paid work elsewhere.
Per Capita
This is the amount of something for each person; in relation to people taken individually.
Scarcity
This means that there is not enough stuff produced in a single place. This is a factor for trading between countries.
Services
These are banking/ consulting services, legal services (law, lawyers) that can be trades.
Specialization
A country focuses on making one product. This is usually the product they make best. This is another factor of trading.
Trade
The action of buying and selling goods and services between countries.
Winners from
Globalization
These are the people that benefit from globalization. These include middle-class and high-class people, and firms with a global comparative advantage, e.g. high-tech software firms.
