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Bristol - Coggle Diagram
Bristol
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Bristol harbourside
HISTORY
- In 1240s, new harbour works meant that vessels needed to wait for high tide
- In 18th century, ships were larger so they had more tide issues (Liverpool overtook Bristol as 2nd biggest port)
- In 1765, first floating harbour built
- In 1791, a new channel was built to divert tidal flow
- In 1960s the docks closed
- In 1969 the council wanted to fill docks in and build a ring road but conservation groups successfully fought against it
DEVELOPMENT
- Crest Nicholson's proposals in 1998 were rejected by the public (as well as his resubmitted plan in 1999) as it was dull and lacked vision
- In 2001 his mixed use scheme was approved it would bring new jobs and investment but also gentrification
- In the late 80s Lloyds bank HQ was built which generated further investment
- The National lottery donated £97m in 1996 for Bristol
Queens square was destroyed in 1936 for a dual carriageway but restored in 1997The SS Great Britain was returned to dock in 1970 after being damaged in a storm in 1886
Social inequalities
- 15% of Bristol's residents live in the 10% most deprived areas of England
- Bristol ranks 55 in the UK for inequality in employment between White British and ethnic minorities
Inequalities developed in Hotwells and Harbourside due to...
- wealthy merchants moving away from harbour to Clifton due to pollution and riots in the late 18th century
- 21st century harbourside housing is expensive
- gentrification in areas around the harbourside eg. Southville
Regeneration...
- On the Redcliffe Wharf's scheme in 2018, 3/45 flats are affordable homes despite policy saying developments must provide between 20 and 40% affordable housing
- 165 new homes on Baltic Wharf site, 40% will be "affordable"
Bristol's character
Endogenous factors
- The Rivers Avon and Frome
- Avon Gorge
- The Harbour and proximity to Bristol channel; access to the Atlantic Ocean
- Location relative to the rest of the SW, Wales, London and the Midlands
- The Wills Family
- Architecture including Bristol Byzantine
- Bristolian dialect
- Demographics
- Local economy
Exogenous factors
- The Atlantic Slave Trade
- Globalisation
- Central Government policy
- The European Union
- European Green Capital
The Slave Trade
Social characteristics
- population growth
- investment in city institutions including education and arts
- toxic legacy of triangular trade today
- radical tension and movement against discrimination eg. Bristol Bus Boycott, 1963
Economic characteristics
- employment in processing of sugar and other plantation products
- wealth generation
- investment in physical fabric of city eg. Queens square
- development of robust financial sector
- establishment of Bristol as a major trading city within the British Empire
The trade in human cargo fuelled the urban development which transformed Bristol eg.
- Guinea street - a convenient home for traders due to proximity to harbourside and sugar houses
- The Georgian House - home to John Pinney who owned multiple plantations in the Caribbean
- "Horned Bridge" - named Pero after one of John Pinneys slaves
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