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Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) other terms: adult respiratory…
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) other terms: adult respiratory distress syndrome & shock lung
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Main site of injury in lung is alveolar-capillary membrane; this membrane becomes more permeable allowing debris, proteins and fluid into alveoli
Surfactant activity is reduced during ARDS as a result of excess lung fluids; so alveoli become unstable and tend to collapse & CANNOT PARTCIPATE IN GAS EXCHANGE
Edema forms around terminal airways and can be destroyed. Lung volume and compliance are further reduced.
Fluid continues to leak in lungs while fluid, proteins, debris and blood cells fill alveoli and in spaces between alveoli
Poorly inflated alveoli receive blood but cannot oxygenate it, increasing shunting; hypoxemia and V/Q mismatch result
As required by the Joint Commission to prevent ARDS, follow meticulous infection control guidelines, including handwashing, invasive catheter and wound care, and Contact Precautions
Manifestations:
Increased work of breathing: hyperpnea, noisy respiration, cyanosis, pallor, and retraction intercostally or substernally
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Abnormal lungs sounds are NOT heard because fluid first collects first in interstitial space not airways
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Nutrition Therapy: risk for malnutrition; enteral nutrition (tube feeding) or parenteral nutrition should be started ASAP