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Five Education Report in Post Independence, In September 1974, the…
Five Education Report in Post Independence
Rahman Talib Report 1960
Recommend the coversion of all Chinese secondary schools to national medium secondary schools, failing which state funding would be withdrawn from them.
Maintained the
multilingual school system at the primary level espoused by the Razak Committee.
To guarantee the basic rights of the non-Malays to maintain their languages and cultures
i) free primary school education
ii) automatic promotion until Form Three
iii) int roduction of Standard Five assessment examination
iv) emphasis on Moral education
v) enhancement of vocational and technical education
vi) teaching of Islamic Education (pre-requisite at least 15 pupils)
vii) monitoring of primary schools by School Inspectorate to ensure teaching quality
viii) emphasis on teacher t raining program
Education Act 1961
Only allowed
two types of fully-assisted secondary schools:
National secondary schools that used Malay as a medium of
instruction with English being taught as a compulsory subject.
National-type secondary schools that
used English as a medium of instruction with Malay being taught as a compulsory subject
Both types of
schools allowed for the teaching of Chinese and Tamil as a subject
Due to the dire need for state funding, most Chinese secondary school became national-type Chinese secondary schools.
Independent Chinese secondary schools that did not conform to the new educational policy, they were not funded by the government neither were qualifications obtained from these schools recognized by the government.
Chinese secondary schools initially used English as the medium of instruction, they
eventually switch to Malay medium of instruction when a new educational policy was promulgated in 1970
Cabinet Committee Report
The aim is to promote unity and language inevitably initiates unity.
Recommendations
i) focus on three basic skills i.e. reading, writing and arithmetic
ii) teaching of English as second language
iii) emphasis on sound spiritual education and other disciplines appropriate
iv) secondary education divided into two st reams i.e. academic and vocational
v) extension of educational opportunities from 9 to 11 years
vi) emphasis on curriculum ala Malaysia
vii) review of Bahasa Malaysia in-service courses
Education Act 1996
Acknowledging that knowledge is the key determinant of the destiny and survival of the nation.
To enable the Malaysian society to have a command of knowledge, skills and values.
Part XVI: Transitional and Repeal
Part XV: Miscellaneous
Part XIV: Offences and Penalties
Part XIII: Regulations
Part XII: Appeals
Part XI: Finance
Part X: The Inspectorate of Schools
Part IX: Registration of Teachers
Part VIII: Registration of Educational Institutions
Part VII: Private Educational Institutions
Part VI: Higher Education
Part V: Assessment and Examination
Part IV: Education System
Part III: National Education Advisory Council
Part II: Administration
Part I: Preliminary
Aminuddin Baki Report 1964
The report highlighted problems:
created by the sharing of premises –supervised by one Headmaster, with all its attendant shortcomings.
lack of Malay textbooks
and well trained bilingual teachers
lack of supervision, facilities and the feeling of inferiority complex.
Proposed the government to issue that students can only quit school at the age of fifteen.
Provide the student with suitable occupation as soon as they leave school
Provide various occupation opportunity
Introduce various courses in education to cater and produce various technical skills of manpower.
Other recommendations
the implementation of teaching methods
relationships with teachers and parents - gave speeches to ensure that parents realised their roles in their childrens' learning,
physical facilities in schools - the administration were required to improve aspects of school management
inadequacy of teacher trainers - proposed a settlement placement for trained teachers
attitudes of teachers
quality of examination questions,
In September 1974, the committee was chaired by Dr Mahathir Mohamed also the Deputy Prime Minister.
consists of 16 Parts containing 156 sections and 1 schedule (including 2 amendments).
After a year being a chief education Advisor of Malaya