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Unit 1: Mind Map Project mme5hz5tijufzi5ffojjvcyyyd6jc3sachvcdoaizecfr3dni…
Unit 1: Mind Map Project 
The Americas
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Aztecs
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Society
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In order to pay tribute, men had to have more than one wife
many rituals, including human sacrifices
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Inca
Ruled their extensive territory efficiently by splitting into four provinces, and each had its own government and bureaucracy
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Religion
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Priests
controlled important decisions, and could determine the gods’ will
diagnosed illnesses, predicted battle outcomes, solved crimes, and determined sacrifices
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Mississippian Culture
Each town ruled by Great Sun → priests and nobles → farmers, hunters, merchants, and artisans → slaves
Declined because people migrated away (weather causing agricultural problems, the agricultural economy collapsing, or disease)
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Dar al-Islam
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Cultural and Social Life
Over time, the Islamic world fragmented politically but advanced culturally; trade brought in good and new inventions/innovations
Cultural Continuities: Islamic scholars translated Greek lit. classics into Arabic , studied mathematic texts from India, and adopted paper-making techniques from China
Cultural Innovations: Nasiral-Din al-Tusi (1201-1274) was one of the most celebrated Islamic scholars. He contibuted to astronomy, law, ethics, mathematics (trig), philosophy, and medicine.
Ibn Khaldun(1332-1406): well known for his historical accounts and is known as the founder of the fields of historigraphy
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Sufis: Introspeaction to grasp truths that they believed could not be understood by learning; played an important role in the spread of Islam, they tended to adapt to local cultures and traditions
Slavery: Islam allowed slaver but it could not be another Muslim. Also exempt were Jews, Christians, and Zoroastrians
Free Woman in Islam
Most woman oberved hijab, a term that can refer either to the practice of dressing modestly or to a specific type of covering
Muhammad raised the status of woman; overall Islamic woman enjoyed more freedoms than Christian or Jewish women
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Imoact of Islam in Africa: Broght important cultural changes; Islamic merchants on the Indian Ocean coast brought those regioosn into a wider trading network; traders blended Bantu and Arabic to develop the language of Swahili
Islamic rule in Spain: Battle of Tours - Islamic military turned back in 732 when it lost against Frankish forces; marked the limit of Islamic expansion into Western Europe
Developments in Europe
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France:
Not until Philip IV that thef first Estates-General met. The Estates-General was a body to advise the king that included representation from each of the three legal classes.
Many nobles objected the power of the monarches; these nobles were responsible for the Magna Carta which was signed by King John in 1215.
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Southeast and South Asia
South Asia
Religion
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Islam:
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city of Delhi is filled with Islamic architecture and a new language, Urdu, developed.
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Bhaktis
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Hindu, but similar to Muslims
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Northern India
Rajput Kingdoms
often in conflict with one another and a lack of a centralized government led to them being vulnerable to Muslim attacks
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Southeast Asia
Modern day Indonesia, Malaysia, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam
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Land-Based Kingdoms
Sinhala Dynasties
Drew roots from Sri Lanka merchants, center of Buddhism, construction of canals and reservoirs, efficient irrigation system, weakened by Indian invaders and monarchy/priest conflicts
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East Asia
China
Economic: Very affluent
Trade: Grand Canal (30,000 miles, most populous trading area in the world, under the Song Dynasty, Silk Road
Tributary System: Other states pay money/goods to Chinese government, started in Han Dynasty
Created stability, benefited trade for other parties, Cemented economic and political power of China over other powers
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Social/Culture
Foot Binding: Girls would have their feet bound tight enough to prevent natural bone growth from a young age, signified social status and restricted women’s ability to be involved in public sphere
Religion
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Neo-Confucianism: Focused on social/ethical philosophy and combined religious beliefs with rational thought, popular in countries near China
Social classes: Scholar gentry, aristocracy, farmers, artisans and craftsmen, merchants, peasants
Scholar Gentry: new influential social class which outnumbered aristocrats and educated using Confucian philosophy and beliefs
Sinification: Non-Chinese societies are influenced by Chinese culture, language, and identity
Japan
Similarities: Japan’s prince promoted Buddhism and Confucianism. The Heian Period showed Japan imitating China’s culture/politics.
Differences: A japanese author wrote The Tale of Genji, which was the world’s first novel. Japan had a different government, and the Heian Court declined. The emperor didn’t have much power.
Korea
Similarities: They were very close and were in close contact. Korea imitated parts of Chinese politics and culture, Korea had a centralized government, and Korea adopted China’s writing system.
Differences: Korea’s land aristocracy was more powerful, the Civil Service Exam was not open to peasants, the government was not a meritocracy.
Vietnam
Similarities: VIetnam adopted China’s writing system and architecture
Differences: There was conflict between Vietnam and China. Vietnamese women had more freedom, and they preferred nuclear families.