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Cell structure - Coggle Diagram
Cell structure
eukaryotic cells
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vesicles
- storage and transport
- single membrane sac
internal fluid
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flagella
- enables motility
- microtubules contract
- detect chemical changes
cillia
- mobile or stationery
- rhythmic beat = current
- 9+2 arrangement
- move substances
along cell surface
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ribosomes
- protein synthesis
- produce polypeptides
- constructed of RNA
- 2 sub units
- free floating / attached
- not membrane bound
- larger 80S
golgi apparatus
- enclosed cisternae
- flattened sacs + vesicles on end
- modifying and packaging proteins
glycoproteins and lipoproteins
- makes lysosomes
protein synthesis
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protein structurally modified
leave in vesicles from trans face
(added lipids, carbs and folded 3D)
secretory vesicles carry proteins
to be secreated from cell
fuse with cell membrane
release contents by exocytosis
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lysosomes
- contain hydrolytic enzymes
- break down waste material
old organelles / pathogen
plasma membrane
- phospholipid bilayer
made of lipids and proteins
- controls what enters and exits
selectively permeable
- receptor molecules
metabolism
- synthesis / breaking down cells
- chemical reactions = enzymes + specific reaction conditions
- appeared 1.5 billion years ago
prokaryotic cells
- extremophiles
= salinity, pH, temperature
- unicellular
- not membrane bound organelles
- appeared 3.5 billion years ago
- binary fission reproduction
DNA
- one molecule of DNA
- supercoiled chromosome
- group into operons
- circular plasmids
ribosomes
- size determined by rate at which
they settle / form sediment
- smaller (70S)
cell wall
- made from peptidoglycan (murein)
- formed from aa and sugars
flagella
- thinner
- not 9+2 arrangement
- energy from chemiosmosis
- attached by basal body to membrane
- hook rotated by molecular motor
whip like movement
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