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Ch. 4 Growth & Division of the Cell, Most events in telophase are…
Ch. 4 Growth & Division of the Cell
Growth Phase
S Phase-
genes in the nucleus are replicated.
G2 Phase-
cells prepare for division.
G1 Phase-
1st stage after division. Recovering and conducting most of normal metabolism.
Division Phase
Karyokinesis
- division of the nucleus.
Cytokinesis-
division of cytoplasm.
Mitosis
- duplication division; nuclear genes are first copied.
Metaphase-
microtubules attach to centromeres, moved to cell center.
Anaphase
- cohesion releases centromeres, releasing the 2 kinetochore faces from each other.
Prophase
- chromosomes condense
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Telophase
- chromosomes connect with each other, nuclear envelopes completely form at each end of the cell.
Meiosis
Meiosis 1-
Metaphase 1
- spindle microtubules move the tetrads to the center of the cell, forming a metaphase plate.
Anaphase 1
- the homologous chromosomes separate completely from each other, moving to opposite ends of the spindle.
Prophase 1
- crossing over and recombination of genetic material between non sister chromatids.
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Telophase 1
- chromosomes start to uncoil, and the nucleolus and nuclear envelope start to reappear.
Meiosis 2-
short, at the end of it centromeres divide, thereby separating each chromosome into 2, just as in metaphase of mitosis, but different than metaphase 1.
Algae Cell Division
Algae nuclei- unusual nuclear characteristics.
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Several types of Cytokinesis.
Most events in telophase are reversals of those in prophase
All events that characterize Prophase of mitosis, also occur in Prophase 1
Unusual mitosis in Algae
