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Crusades, Particular Crusades, What were they?, Goals and Church, Effects,…
Crusades
The Crusades
:Second Crusade: organized to recapture de city of Edessa, reconquered by Turks. They were defeated. Jersualem falls in the hands of Muslim leader Saladin
Third Crusade: led by three European leaders: Philip II of France, Frederick I of Germany, Richard the Lion Hearted (England). Only Richard was left to fight against Saladin. Jersulamen remained under Muslim control but Saladin promised that unarmed Christian pilgirms could visit the city´s holy places
First crusade: crusaders were not prepared. They didn´t know the geography, climate or culture of the Holy Land. They had no strategy. They recovered the city on July 15,1099. Four feudal states were organized.
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Childrens Crusades: took place in 1212. In two different movements thousands of children set out to conquer Jerusalem. Many died.
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For Muslims, the intolerance and prejudice displayed by Chstistians in the Holy Land left behind a legacy of bitterness and hatred.
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Goals: Recover Holy land, get rid of quarrelsome knights who fought each other, make profit by making cash loans (merchants), defend Constantinople (capital Byzantine Empire)
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Particular Crusades
Spanish Crusade: Reconquista: effort of the Spanish to drive Muslims out of Spain. Ferdinand and Isabella, recovered all the cities. They used the Inquisition to unify country under Christianity :
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Inquisition: court held by the Church to supress heresy. (People who had different beliefs than the Church). They could be tortured and burned