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DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY - Coggle Diagram
DEMOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE OF SOCIETY
Introduction
DEMOGRAPHY
It is the systematic study of population
Greek origin- Demos(people) + Graphien (describe)
Studies trends and processes related to population
Studies structure and composition of the population
Types of demography
Based on counting and enumeration
It is of two kinds: Formal and Social
Social Demography
Focuses on social, economic or political aspects of population
Enquires wider causes and consequences of population structures and change
Trace the social reasons for population trends
Formal Demography
Largely quantitative field
Concerned with measurement and analysis of the components of population change
Uses highly developed mathematical methodology to forecast population growth and changes
Importance of demography in sociology
Two processes took place in Europe during the latter half of the 18th century:
Formation of nation states as the principle form of political organisation
Beginning of modern science of statistics
The modern state began to expand its role and functions. This needed the regular collection of social statistics
Rise of demography
Development of modern state-
1.Active interest in development of early forms of public health management
Policing and maintenance of law and order
Economic policies related to agriculture and industry
Taxation and revenue generation
History of demography
First modern census- American census of 1790
Started in Europe around 1800’s
British conducted census in India from 1867-72
Decennial census in India from 1881
1951- India’s first independent census
Agregate Statistics
Aggregate statistics- numerical characteristics that refer to a large collectivity consisting of millions of people. This gives a concrete and strong argument about social phenomena.
Examples: Death rate, Emile Durkheims theory of suicide
Demographic data
Demographic data are imp for planning and implementation of state policies especially for economic development and general public welfare
Theories and concepts
THEORIES
The Malthusian Theory of Population Growth
Arguments of the theory
Population grows geometrically-
Thomas Robert Malthus( 1766-1834)
Gave theory of population in his essay of population 1798
He was pessimistic
The Theory of Demographic Transition
CONCEPTS AND INDICATORS
Age structure of the Indian population
Literacy
Rural-Urban differences
The declining sex ratio in India
Size and growth of India's population
