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Lecture 54- Connective Tissue, Muscle, Nerve, & Applications - Coggle…

- - - - Description
        -glassy
        -homogenous
        -semitransparent
      - Function:
        -supports & reinforces
        -resilient cushion
        -resists repetitive stress
      - Location:
        -art. surface of movable joints
        -walls of larger resp. passages
        -epiphyseal plates
      - LOSS --> Osteoarthritis
        (wearing away of hyaline on synovial jts.)
      - Costal cartilage calcify w/age
      - Somatotropin (Ant. pituitary)
    - - Description:
        similar to hyaline + MORE elastic fibers!
        
        Function:
        -Maintains shape
        -Great flexibility!
        
        Location:
        -Supports ext. Ear
        -Epiglottis
        -Upper Resp. tract
    - - Description:
        -Hyaline + DENSE C.T.
        
        Function:
        -Tensile strength
        -Absorb compressive shock
        
        Location:
        -IV discs
        -Pubic symphysis
    - - Firm & durable
      - 60-80% H20!
      - Type II Collagen + Elastic fibers
      - HIGH conc. of GAGs & Proteoglycans
      - Avascular! NOT innervated
      - Dev/growth of LONG bones
      - Chondrocytes in lacunae
      - Covered perichondrium
  - - - 2A: OsteoCytes
      - 2B: OsteoBlasts
        (make bone!)
      - 2C: OsteoClasts
        ("eat" bone!)
        
        Big; multi-nucleated
    - - Compact Bone (dense)
      - Trabecular Bone (spongy; light)
      - bone repairs itself VERY well b/c incredibly vascularized!
- - - - Skeletal Muscle
        
        attached to bones
        
        long, multinucleated cylindrical cells
        
        mostly voluntary
        
        striated
        
        sarcomere!
        
        1 Z line to another Z line
        (when each sarcomere shortened, collective, ENTIRE muscle shortens!)
      - Cardiac Muscle
        
        Uni or Bi-nucleated branching cells (myocardium)
        
        Striated
        
        Intercalated discs
        
        the END of cardiac m. that connect to another cardiac m.
        
        Involuntary
        
        Autonomous
      - Smooth Muscle
        
        Spindle- shaped cells
        -central nuclei
        
        NO striations!
        NO sarcomeres!
        
        INvoluntary
        autonomous
        
        Location:
        -walls of hollow organs & blood vessels
        
        Neuromuscular Junction:
        -distinctive! (varicosities)
- - - - IMPORTANT :explode:
        -Different DNA Repair mechanisms in organisms --> affects chance of Cancer
        (Peto's Paradax)
- - - - -epidermis & derivatives
        -cornea
        -lens epithelia
        -enamel
        -internal ear
        -mucosa
    - - CNS & PNS