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7 Characteristics of Life - Coggle Diagram
7 Characteristics of Life
Homeostasis
The maintenance of the body's equilibrium
The attempt to balance the body's internal environment in the face of changing conditions
Examples of Homeostasis:
Blood Pressure
Glucose
Water content of the cell
Respiration rate
Blood pH
Heart rate
Maintained by Positive and Negative feedback loops
Positive Feedback loops
Feedback loops that causes a system to change further in the same direction and takes the system further from equilirbium. Makes the original stimulus more intense
Negative Feedback loops
Feedback loops in which a system responds to a change by returning to its original state and acts to reduce the effect of the stimulus
Homeo
Same
Stasis
Static
Orginization
All living things are made up of one or more cells
Have complex structures and chemical processes
The ability for cells to divide is the basis for reproduction, growth and repair in multicellular organisms
Unicellular
One-celled organism
Multicellular
Many-celled organism
Ability to Adapt
Species Evolve
Individuals Adapt
Modifications allow an organism to survive in its environment
Individuals with better adaptations have a better change of survival and are more likely to reproduce
Evolutionary Adaptations
Favourable traits that are passed on through generations
Growth and Development
Growth:
Increase in the size and number of cells
Developement:
Changes in the organism that occur through its life-span
Cell differentiation, organ development, aging and death
Reproduce
All living things must be able to generate offspring
Asexual Reproduction
One single organism of a species can divide/bud to produce its offspring without another one of its species
Sexual Reproduction
2 parent organisms combine their genetic material to produce the offspring
The Ability to React to a Stimulus in their Environment
Stimulus
A signal to which an organism responds
Something an organism reacts too
Examples:
Temperature
Light
Heat
Odour
Sound Waves
Pressure
Water
All living things must react or respond to their environment in some way
Chemoreceptors
Respond to chemicals in the area
Taste, smell, blood pH, pain
Pain receptors are chemoreceptors because they respond to chemicals produced by damaged tissue
Mechanoreceptors
Respond to mechanical forces, often result in pressure changes of some sort
Sound waves are detected by a change in fluid pressure in the inner ear
Photoreceptors
Respond to light
Thermoreceptors
Respond to changes in temperature (warm and cool)
Located in the hypothalamus and skin
If there is a stimulus off the equilibrium, there will be a change
Use and Obtain Energy
All living things use energy for growth, development and reproduction
Anabolism:
Life processes which include "building up" the organism
Endergonic: Stores energy to use energy
Catabolism:
Life processes where energy is extracted to break down substances
Exergonic: release energy
ATP: transports chemical energy within the cells for metabolism
Metabolism:
The sum of all chemical processes in the body
The balance between Anabolism and Catabolism