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PSYCHOLOGY MIND MAP, Link TitleLink Title - Coggle Diagram

- - - - one of the key assumptions of science
      - It is scientific
      - It is clear
      - Allows to predict and control
      - Contradicts morality ( the idea of moral behaviour)
      - Many causes, cannot measure them all
    - - Behaviour is seen as determined to an extend ( with influence of other factors ),
        in the absence of compulsion, people have a degree of choice and freedom
      - People may not comply but people can choose to express their choice and personal freewill
      - ‘How much of our behaviour is determined?’
      - people do have a choice, but that choice is constrained by external or internal factors
      - Ie: being poor doesn’t make you steal, but you will feel the urge or be desperate to do so
  - - - considers how different levels of explanation interact
        Any phenomenon ( eg: mind or behaviour) has many aspects that interact to provide a complete picture
    - - holism is more concerned with understanding the whole experience, rather than individual explanations
  - - - Inherited / genetic
      - Physical appearances
      - Biological influences
      - Genes, biochemistry, physiology, neurochemistry, bio factor, evolutionary approach
      - The physical and personality traits determined by your genes stay the same despite of where you were born and raised
      - Nature- biological approach
    - - Dominant striving force
      - Refers to all environmental influences after conception, i.e. experience
      - Environment, social influences
      - Personal experiences
      - Refers to your childhood( how you were brought up/raised)
  - - - Psychology should be objective
      - Psychological knowledge should be free from experimenters’ interest and prejudices
      - Quantitative methods
      - Experiments
    - - Psychology can be subjective
      - Knowledge is richer
      - Qualitative methods
      - Observations & case studies
  - - - any approach that generates laws (biological, psychodynamic..)
      - Aim of research is to discover laws that apply to everybody
      - Large numbers of people should be studied
    - - humanist approach
      - Aim of research is to study deeply one individual
      - Only one person being studied is enough
      - Gain understanding of individual subjective outlook
      - Motives and behaviour
      - Individuality is important, general laws of behavior are not important
        VERY DIFFERENT from nomothetic
- - - - Participants are selected based on salient characteristics
      - Similar to quota sampling
      - PRO: specific groups targeted
      - CON: Can not guarantee sample will maintain status as they change, stopping people that meet a certain criteria leads to bias (aka subjective sampling)
    - - Special type of purposive sampling that stops when the point of data saturation is reached
      - Data saturation: no new information is obtained from new participants added to the sample
      - Generalization in this case is made from the data to the theory
    - - The researcher being in touch with a participant who puts them in touch with future participants - used when a sample is hard to contact eg: drug addicts
      - PRO: can locate subject who can be difficult to reach
      - CON: time consuming
    - - Sign up through newspaper articles, advertisements etc