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MARGARET (Colles' #) - Coggle Diagram

- - - - 1-2 weeks
      - haematoma formation
      - increased vascularity
    - - several months
      - soft callus formation
      - mineralisation of soft callus into hard callus
      - can perform some basic functional tasks
    - - months - years
      - bony callus reabsorption
      - formation of lamellar bone and central medullary cavity
      - can start doing some normal forces
  - - - Age
        
        Most likely conservative for Margeret but potentially GAMP
        
        Short arm radial gutter splint/cast for higher level of displacement
        
        Short arm cast for nondisplaced or minimally displacement
      - Level of displacement
        
        Step off more than 22mm.
        
        Dorsal tilt more than 10-15°
        
        Radial shortening more than 5mm
        
        Presence of dorsal debris, rupture or avulsion
    - - No difference in DASH scores in > 60 year old patients
  - - - UL consolidation: 6-12 weeks
      - LL consolidation: 12 - 16 weeks
  - - - Radial/ulnar deviation
        
        Pronation/Supination
        
        Thumb opposition to each finger
        
        Making a fist and opening
        
        Finger flex/ext
  - - - Heat/Parrafin Wax
        
        Cryotherapy
        
        Massage
        
        Electrical Stimulation
        
        Ultrasound
        
        RICER
    - - Rigid Immobilisation preferred over removeable cast
    - - Percutaneous pin fixation
      - Closed/Open reduction
    - - Grade 3 (Maitland's) Mobilisation techniques
        
        To maximum range - with respect to pain - including oscillations
      - Sustained stretches are effective in absence of pain and later in treatment
- - - - Less than 2mm gap better outcome
- - - - Volar tilt
      - Teardrop Angle
    - - Fryman's classification of distal radial fractures (classifies what type)
      - Radial length
      - Radial inclination
      - Ulnar Variance