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Heart failure - Coggle Diagram
Heart failure
Classification
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dysfunction types
systolic: failure of contractility, the ventricles do not adequately pump blood out <40 of preload
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right sided failure: fluid backs up into various systolic systems causing edema in several locations
class III: heart disease with activity intolerance, fine at rest
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S&S/complications
fluid retention: nocturia, CKD, hydrothorax, ascites, acute weight gain, peripheral edema.
Respiratory:
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pulmonary edema: SOB, cyanosis, crackles, frothy blood tinged sputum, confusion, stupor, rapid pulse, clammy skin
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fatigue, weakness, confusion, restlessness, insomnia, memory impairment
cachexia and malnutrition: congestion of the peritoneal area results in decreased absorption and anorexia
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early S&S: fatigue, activity intolerance, edema, nocturia, SOB, supine specific S&S
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criteria
internal heart monitoring: invasive procedures can be used to determine damage and underlying cause of HF
S&S of heart failure: fatigue, SOB, S&S of venous pulmonary liver congestion
EKG, echocardiogram, heart sounds, heart hormones (BNP)
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treatment
Diet and exercise as appropriate, fluid and salt restrictions, weight monitoring
Pharm: RAAS inhibitors. beta-blockers, digitalis diuretics, vasodilators, O2
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Cause/risk
damage to the tissues of the heart causes ineffective pumping causing further damage and poor overall perfusion, several different cascade effects exist that can quickly worsen the condition such as CKD
many different risk factors but any condition that effects the CV system (HTN, DM, hyperlipidemia CKD, strokes, coronary artery disease, smoking ect.) has the potential for being a risk factor for HF.
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