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Long term retention and recall - Coggle Diagram
Long term retention and recall
How are long term memories stored?
All perceived stimuli enter your memory storage system as “sensory memories.”
Stimuli you attend to enter short-term memory (S
The brain has a complicated system for creating and storing long-term memories
In the absence of continuous rehearsal anything you can recall after about a minute is a long-term memory (LTM).
How are long term memories retrieved?
When retrieved, information is pulled from LTM back into “working” STM and must undergo a process of reconsolidation, which can strengthen and even alter the memory
To be readily accessible, a memory needs to have multiple, relevant retrieval cues.
Two main processes are used to access memories: recognition and recall.
surface learning
memory is critical, but rote memorization creates LTMs that are particularly devoid of context, associations, and meaning.
Surface learning occurs with “cognitively passive” study methods, many of which are based on repetition and rehearsal, i.e., rote memorization.
What “cognitively active” study behaviors produce “deep learning”?
:Elaborative rehearsal . Link new information to things you already know.
Generation effect . Retention and recall are improved when you actively participate in the
creation of your own knowledge
Retrieval practice . Self-quiz frequently by recalling information from your memory. Every time you access a memory, you strengthen it.
what does it mean to forget?
“Cognitively passive” study methods include: attending class but not being engaged, reading/highlighting text, copying/re-writing notes, making/using flashcards, and asking questions before trying to discover the answer.
In the absence of pathology, the human brain is capable of storing LTMs permanently, but “memory decay” is a normal physiological process.