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EMT Pharmacology, EMT medication, EMT Medication pt 2 - Coggle Diagram
EMT Pharmacology
Routes of administration
Per Rectum (PR)= most common for children, also when patient cant swallow or is unconscious
Oral (PO)= Noninvasive, less expensive, Can be unpredictable with how patient will absorb medication
Intravenous Injection (IV)= into vein, fastest way to deliver medication, cant be used for all chemicals ex: aspirin, oxygen and charcoal.
Intraosseous injection (IO)= Into bone, painful, most often used in unconscious patients, often used for children with difficult IV sites.
Subcutaneous injection (SC)= Under the skin, given between fatty tissue and muscle, usually slower, used for medications that cant be taken by mouth ex: insulin
Intramuscular injection (IM)= Into muscle, absorbed quickly, Negative to this is damage to muscle tissue and uneven unreliable absorption, mostly used via auto-injection ex: EpiPen
Inhalation= Into lungs, helps reduce medications effect on other body tissues.
Sublingual (SL)= Under tongue, enter through oral mucosa under the tongue, absorbed within min, faster then oral, protects against oral route
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Intranasal (IN)= relatively new, liquid medication pushed through device called mucosal atomized device (MAD), atomized and goes into nostril,
Forms of medication
Capsules= mostly given orally, capsules are gelatin shells filled with medication.
Tablets= medication compressed under high pressure, contains other materials, some dissolve slow under tongue
Solution= liquid mixture of one or two substances, given by almost any route, may help give EpiPen.
Suspension=seperate if stand or filter in liquid unlike solution, shake well before administered, cannot be given by IV
Metered-Dose Inhalers= If liquid or solids are broken small enough can be used, mini spray canister must be shaken before use.
Topical medications= lotion, creams and ointment, lotions have most water and ointments least
Transcutaneous medications= absorbed through skin, or transcutaneously, intended for whole body,
gels= semiliquid substance, orally administered through tube.
Gases for inhalation= neither solid or liquid, most used is oxygen
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EMT medication
Epinephrine (EpiPen)
Action: stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation.
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Nitroglycerin (Nitrostat, Nitromist)
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Naloxone (Narcan, EVZIO auto-injector)
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Common fast-acting MDI medications (albuterol {proventil, ventolin})
Action: Stimulates nervous system, causing bronchodilation
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EMT Medication pt 2
Oral glucose (glutose)
Action: When absorbed, provides glucose for cell use
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Oxygen (no trade name)
Action: reverses hypoxia, provides oxygen
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ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin, Nuprin)
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