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Lay of the Neuroscience Land, Alpha - Coggle Diagram
Lay of the Neuroscience Land
Meditation techniques
Focused attention meditation
Anterior theta activity
Changes in posterior theta oscillations
Bilateral increase in alpha activity
Samatha (Buddhist meditation),
Zazen,
Loving Kindness Meditation,
Chakra Meditation,
Kundalini Meditation,
Sound Meditation,
Mantra Meditation,
Pranayama,
Qigong.
Open monitoring meditation
↑ delta
↑ Theta activity
↑ Gamma activity
Mindfulness meditation
Alternated DMN
Changes in ACC
Increased alpha and theta
↑ frontal theta & gamma
↓ frontal alpha
Self regulation
Attention control
Emotion regulation
Selfawareness
Buddhist Meditation
'High amplitude gamma oscillations'
Zen
↑Slow Alpha power in frontal (internalized attention)
↑Fast theta power (enhanced mindfulness)
↑Beta in occipital
CHAN
Time period of frontal alpha more than occipital alpha (reflecting calm mind)
Transcendental Meditation
''TM & PR: Rare theta activity (5–7 Hz)'
Open eyes
Strong coherence in delta and theta
↓ alpha coherence
Closed eyes
-significant alpha coherence
-almost no theta,
-slight delta,
Experienced meditators
strong alpha coherence
shift to theta coherence
Yoga Meditation
Yog Nidra
↑ theta power
↓ alpha power
Sahaj Samadhi:
↑ frontal theta during deep meditation
↑ theta coherence,
↓ theta in parietal
Kundalini
↑ alpha on entering meditation
Ananda Marga:
↑ alpha and beta
Mantra Meditation
↑ delta band power
Advanced
Paced Breathing
↑ alpha1 ↓ theta
Advanced breathing
↑ bilateral alpha and theta
Bhramari Pranayama
↑ theta activity
↑ gamma (>35)
↑ frequencies in beta (15–35)
Loving Kindness
Strong left prefrontal activation
Things to Explore
Do all these techniques affect sustained attention the same way?
ITC- A good way to measure meditative improvements?
Psychological effects of all the popular med techniques?
Alpha
Corresponding activities
High amplitude= Awake state (eyes closed)
Attenuates= Open eyes, Mental effort, Drowsiness, Sleep
Alpha UP; MRI signals (O, superior T, inferior F, cingulate
C) DOWN; Signals (thalamus and insula) UP
Alpha UP; Functional activity in underlying cortex DOWN
marker of visual attention
Correlations
Inversely with-
thalamic rate of glucose metabolism
Positive- Inc rCBF in Th, P, M, L,S, Basal F, Insula
Negative - Dec rCBF in O (pVisual association areas, left Prefrontal)
occipital, parietal and posterior
temporal regions
posterior dominant rhythm
Activity: Alpha Spindles (short (0.5-2 s) bursts of high frequency alpha activity)