Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Spanish America, Tupac Amaru (1545-1572) was the last Incan emperor, who…
Spanish America
Independence
Led by the Criollos, since they were tired of the privileges of the Chapetones
The American "Monroe Doctrine (1823)" said that the US would not tolerate European colonies in the Americas
Simon Bolivar had the Pan-American dream of uniting all the spanish America into one country, and was opposed by Brazil, England and the US
Division
Spanish America was divided in 4 Vice-reinos, initially created by Charles V: Nova Espanha, Nova Granada, Peru and Rio do Prata.
The Vice-reinos are independent among themselves, but obey the crown and are rule by chapetones appointed by the king.
The administration system of the cities of the Vice-reinos was called Cabildos, similar to the camaras municipais in Brazil.
Spain quickly took over the Caribbea, and its empire expanded with the Conquest of the Aztec Empire by Hernán Cortés (1521) and the Incan Empire by Francisco Pizarro (1532-1572).
According to the encomienda, a spanishman could own natives so that he could "civilize" them in exchange for manual labour.
In 1750, Spain and Portugal sign the Treaty of Madrid to replace Tordesillas, with better geographical divisions rather than a straight line.
Because of the Guarani War (1756), a new treaty is made in 61 to replace Madrid (Treaty of El Pardo), in which Portugal loses territory in Africa but gains the Pampas gauchos.
This is also cancelled, so the Treaty of Saint Idelfonso (1777) gives Sete Missões back to Spain and Portugal gets the island of Santa Catarina. Portugal eventually gets Sete Missões back.
The Portuguese colony of Sacramento was given to Spain and the territory of the "Sete Missões" was given to Portugal.
However, the spanish jesuits didn't want to leave, so they fought alongside the Guanaris at the Guaraní War (1756)
-
Tupac Amaru (1545-1572) was the last Incan emperor, who led an unsuccessful indepence movement in Peru. 
Although they got politcal independence, economically the colonies still depended on Europe
The flux of materials between Spain and the colonies was made through Sevilha, which had Casas de Contratação, responsible for taxes and logistics.
The Conselho das Índias was responsible for the political administration, such as choosing vice-reis and organizing jesuit missions.