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Structural Dysfunction - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Elevation
        
        Activities that require muscle to overcome or control the wight of the limb and its load
        
        Depends on freedom of movement and integrity at SCJ, ACJ and GHJ
        
        Depends on appropriate strength and function of muscles producing and controlling the
        movement
      - Depression
        
        Forceful downward movement of the arm in relation to the trunk
        
        Activities that tend to
        
        rotate the scapula downward and
        
        adduct during humeral motion
        
        Overall movement ratio between segments is not consistent
- - - - If the ITS synergistically work to offset with an inferior pull, then Deltiods will become the prime mover for elevation
        
        Anterior deltoid is prime mover of flexion, assist abduction after 15 degrees of motion from GHJ
        
        Abduction in the plane of scapula
        
        Anterior and middle deltoids will produce elevation of humerus
        
        Posterior deltoid serve as a *joint compressor
        and active in horizontal abduction and extension
        
        Dependent on intact rotator cuff muscles
    - - Abductor of humerus
        
        Functions in all planes of
        humerus elevation
        
        Secondary functions
        
        Compress GHJ
        
        Assist to maintain stability
        of the dependent arm
        
        Complete or isolated suprasinatus
        paralysis/tear
        
        Loss of Abduction
        
        Tears of the supraspinatus is not isolated ad
        often associated with infraspinatus and
        subscapualris defecits as well
      - Infraspinatus, Subscapularis and Teres Minor Muscle function
        
        Combined action in abduction and flexion
        
        Upto 115 degrees of abduction
        
        More active in flexion
        
        Subscapularis can medially rotate the humerus
        
        However in abduction this activity decreases
        
        Steer the head of humerus horizontally
        
        Compress and stabilize the joint
        
        Upper and lower Trapezius and Serratus Anterior Muscle function
        
        Upper trapezius and levater scapula supports the shoulder girdle against
        the downward pull of gravity
        
        Serratus anterior
        
        Is the only muscle capable of producing simultaneous scapular upward rotation,
        posterior tilt and external rotation
        
        Primary stabilizer of the inferior angle and medial border of scapula on thorax
        
        Trapezius and
        lower serratus anterior muscles
        
        work synergistically to produce upward rotation of the scapula on thorax
        
        All 3 muscles
        are active in humeral elevation
        
        3 more items...
        
        Rhomboid Muscle function
        
        Major and minor is active in elevation of the arm
        
        Abduction
        
        Work synergistically to stabilize the upward rotation of the scapula
        
        If active during upward rotation of scapula
        
        2 more items...
- - - - When Upper extremity motion is unrestricted
      - Can also
        
        adduct and
        
        depress scapula and the shoulder complex
        
        Due to its attachment to the clavicle and scapula
        
        Contribute to GHJ stability
        
        Compressing the joint when the arm is abducting
        
        When the arm is restricted or weight bearing
        
        Latissimus Dorsi will pull the pelvis upward towards the scapula and humerus
        
        When the hands are bearing weight on the handles of a pair of crutch
        
        Contraction of Latissimus Dorsi will lift the feet
        
        Trunk rises beneath the fixed scapula
        
        Legs will swing forward through the crutches
    - - Pectoralis Major is the key depressor of shoulder complex
        
        Action is parallel to the Latissimus dorsi
        
        adduction, extension and medial rotation of the humerus
        
        Increases GHJ stability during elevation of arm
        
        Higher joint reaction forces
        
        Increase magnitude of anterior humeral head translation
        
        When weight bearing on hands (along with Lats)
        
        Depress the shoulder complex
        
        Synergistically offsetting anterior/posterior translation of humerus and protraction and
        retraction of the shoulder girdle
        
        Pectoralis Minor assists the lats and pec major by directly depressing the scapula
        
        Through its attachment to coracoid process
        
        Internally rotate, downward rotate and anteriorly tilt the scapula
        
        1 more item...
      - Teres Major Muscle Function
        
        Adduction, extension and medial rotation of the humerus
        
        Active primarily during resisted motion
        
        Dependent on Rhomboid muscle function
        
        Without stabilization, teres major will upwardly rotate the scapula
        
        Proximal segment is lighter than the distal segment
        
        Rhomboid Muscle Function
        
        Downward rotators of the scapula
        
        Offset the undesired rotary torque of the Teres major
        
        Fix the scapula and stabilize it
        
        Allow Teres major to move the heavy segment of humerus
        
        1 more item...