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Lukas Overlock, Tristan Ho, Olivia Federici, Agreed with Spykman about the…
Lukas Overlock, Tristan Ho, Olivia Federici
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Homer Hoyt
Disagreed with Burgess
Hoyt believed that cities are outlined in residential sectors and industrial sectors that extend out from the central business district (CBD), while Burgess believed that cities are outlined in residential and transitional rings that extend out from the central business district (CBD).
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Agree with Christaller
Christaller's Central Place Theory posited that there is a spatial arrangement of cities and a hierarchy of urban centers because these areas exist as economic hubs. Hoyt agreed, as he thought CBDs could be described as financial districts and commercial areas. Also, both Christaller and Hoyt focus on how outer parts of urban areas are connected to the main city in several ways.
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Nicholas Spykman
Rimland Model: Organized Eurasian continent into Heartland (Eastern Europe) and the RImland (land surrounding the Heartland, near the water). He believed power came from the Heartland due to high access to easy trade and plentiful resources
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Norman Borlaug
Agreed with Huntington
Borlaug developed the short stemmed food grains to increase food output and improve agriculture, while Huntington focused on environmental determinism and how people impact the environment.
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Disagreed with Malthus
Malthus believed that population growth is exponential while resources are linear, whereas Borlaug believed the opposite.
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Disagreed with Boserup
Boserup's theory suggests that population growth is the cause of agricultural change, not the result. Borlaug thought that population growth/combating hunger was a result of growing more crops.
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John Borchert
Was similar to Zelinsky, as they worked in the same field of studying urbanization, and growth of cities
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Carl Sauer
Perhaps between Sauer and Borchert, some cultural landscapes can be seen. With urban evolution, it is possible to have some remnants of some past culture.
Alfred Weber
Weber had a similar ideal and want with Heinrich: He wanted to minimize cost for a bigger profit Granted, his model "Theory of Industrial Location" was very flawed.
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Halford Mackinder
Believed that power within the Eurasian continent came from the Heartland. (central land, Eastern Europe). Believed they had the most power potential.
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E.G. Ravenstein
Even Ravenstein can be included with Wallerstein and Huntington. He talked about the topic of migration, but he did not add any information on refugees, a big part of the migration world.
John Snow
While what Snow and Borlaug did may be very different, it does show the important impacts geography can have on the world. Borlaug used agricultural landscapes and ideas to help ease hunger due due to food shortages. Snow made a lasting impact by coming up with a map to minimize a disease outbreak. This just shows useful and lifesaving geography can be.
Johan Heinrich
With a strong knowledge of economics, Heinrich wanted to something similar as to what Weber tried to do with his theory. Like Weber, he wanted to minimize cost, and maximize agricultural production for different areas.
Immanuel Wallerstein
While not directly related, Wallerstein and Huntington both did not add important information to their respective theories/models. I.e. Wallerstein omitted a cultural factor whereas Huntington literally ranks countries as inferior or superior based on their climate and geography, leaving out any important factor.s
Ester Boserup
Disagreed with Malthus
Believed population growth is the cause of agricultural change and not the other way around where population growth is the result.
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Agreed with Spykman about the layout of the world. (Heartland and Rimland).
Disagreed about where the power was located.
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