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Weather & Climate - Coggle Diagram
Weather & Climate
Measuring instruments
Max-Min thermometer: Temperature
Hygrometers: Relative Humidity
Barometer: Air Pressure
Sunshine recorder: Sunshine
Rain gauge: Rainfall
Anemometer: Wind Speed
Wind vane: Wind direction
Stevenson Screens
Above ground (1.2m) =>avoid heat from ground
White => reflect solar radiation
Roof => protect from rain
Open space away from
buidings (2x)
Slats => air can circulate
Placed on grass => avoid albedo effect
Factors affecting climate characteristics
Latitude and Pressure System
(how hot or dry)
Ocean Currents (move heat around the globe)
Altitude: the higher the elevation, the colder it is
Distance to Sea
(closer to the sea = less extreme temperatures
Prevailing Winds
Clouds
3 main categories
Low altitude: <2000m
Medium altitude: 2000-6000m
High altitude: 6000m+
Identify clouds
Rainfall
Appearance
Cloud base
Characteristics of
equatorial and hot
desert climates
Hot Desert
(hot and dry)
Climate
Ave rainfall: <250mm/year
Mean temp: 28C
Peak temp: 50C
Large diurnal range: 0-50C
Warm winters: 20-30C
Rainforest (hot and wet)
Climate
Mean temp: 28C
Peak temp: 34C
Low temp range: 1-2C
No seasons
Ave rainfall: 2000mm
Soil
Very fast nutrient cycling
Shallow, acidic, infertile soil
Leaching
Dead litter decomposes quickly
Plants uptake nutrient quickly
Vegetation
Under canopy: 5-15m
Epiphytes
Shrub layer: <5m
Lianas & Buttress roots
Canopy: 15-30m
Drip Tip leaves
Emergent: tallest layer
Flexible bases leaves