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The New Deal, The Second New Deal?, Farm Credit Administration (FCA): This…
The New Deal
RELIEF
Relieve the poor, feed the starving and stop people from losing their farms and/or jobs
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REFORM
Getting the financial system working again to make the USA a better place for ordinary people. Brought measures like unemployment insurance, help for the sick and old-age pensions.
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Farm Credit Administration (FCA): This administration was made to help the farmers, by making loads to them (to a fifth of the farmers) to help them not lose their farms. This helped farmers recover from the Dust Bowl.
It is still an ongoing organization, so we can say it was succesful
Home Owners Loan Corporation (HOLC): Its purpose was to refinance home mortgages currently in default to prevent them from losing them. As well as to expand home buying opportunities.
The Home Owners' Loan Act of 1933 proved to be one of the most successful policies emanating from the first 100 days of the New Deal.
Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA): This organization's purpose was initially to distribute 500 million dollars to state agencies, main goal was to alleviate household unemployment by creating new unskilled jobs in local and state government.
Roosevelt had hoped that this would end the Depression and create jobs, but it was unsuccessful.
The National Recovery Administration (NRA) . This organization purpose was to increase workers wages and the prices of factory goods, this would help the factory and give the farmers the ability to have more money. Also give workers a fairer deal in the workplace ( better working conditions, shorter hours). Forbid child labour
It was a failure because at the end there were less employment, that being so it was only a temporary solutions and not a long term.
The Public Works Administration (PWA): $7 billion was spent on employing skilled men to build dams, bridges, sewage systems and houses.
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The Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC): Gave jobs to men under 25. Carried out work like clearing land, planting trees and strengthening river banks for flood control.
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The Civilian Works Administration (CWA): Consisted of giving jobs to as many people as possible. Work was either building roads, sweeping leaves or getting out of work actors to give shows.
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The Agricultural Adjustment Agency (AAA): Paid farmers to produce less food. This was done by taking land out of production or reducing livestock. Less production would lead to a rise in prices.
Successful. Prices went up and farmer's incomes doubled. Criticized as many pigs were killed to stop overproduction. Also, was positive for farmers but not tenants. Tenants were evicted because there was no work and farmers replaced them. Also, machinery was used replacing them as well.
Aimed at areas that affected ordinary people. Wanted to reform aspects of the American Society and improve living conditions.
- The Wagner Act (1935): forced employers to to allow trade unions in their companies. Wanted to prevent employers from sacking workers, it was illegal.
- The Social Security Act (1935): Aimed to help the old, sick and unemployed. This act proposed to give state pension to everyone over 65. Set up a scheme for unemployment insurance.
- The Works Progress Administration (WPA): Gave work to 2 million people. Work was building roads, public tunnels, schools, bridges, tunnels and sewers. This was for younger people.
- The Resettlement Administration (1935) - The Farm Security Administration (1937): Helped farmers and tenants who had not been helped by the AAA. Gave loans to sharecroppers and tenant farmers to buy their own land.