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budhism - Coggle Diagram

- - - - Vinaya pitaka – rules of monasteries
      - •Sutta pitaka – Teachings of Buddha
      - •Abhidhamma Pitaka – Metaphysics and philosophy of Buddhism.
    - - They are the part of Sutta Pitaka but contain all the stories of Buddha’s previous lives (more
        than 550 births in all).
    - - Famous Buddhist Councils
        
        1st Council:
        
        •Period: 483 BC- just after the death of Buddha.
        
        •Place – Rajgriha
        
        Presided by Mahakasappa
        
        2nd Council:
        
        •Period: 383 BC
        
        •Place: Vaishali
        
        •Presided by Shatakhambri
        
        3rd council
        
        Period: 250-262 BC
        
        •Place: Patliputra
        
        •Presided by Moghiputta Tissa
        
        4th council
        
        •Period: 1st Century AD
        
        •Place: Kunzalwar
        
        •Presided by Vasumitra and Ashwaghosha
        
        Buddhism got divided into two sects: Hinayana and Mahayana
        
        Hinayana (lower vehicle) is followed in Southern parts (Srilanka, Combodia, Thailand etc). They
        are more strict and objected to making of idols of Buddha.
        
        Mahayana (higher vehicle) is followed in northern parts (china, India, Tibet etc). They started making idols and were liberal in approach.
        
        influences of budhism
        
        non-accumulation of wealth
        
        non-violence → peace and stability (saved cattle wealth and avoided wars)
        
        a simple philosophy and it was free from rituals.
        
        a balanced approach i.e. neither too harsh like Jainism and nor too mild like
        Ajivikas
        
        mitigate the evils resulting from the new material life in the 6th century
        
        open for all Varnas and did not have caste differentiation
        
        open for all classes and gender
        
        Royal Patronage: It received a lot of Royal patronage
        
        Traders gave a lot of donations to promote Buddhism
        
        •It used the language of masses, Pali, so that everyone could connect and understand
        the teaching,
        
        Importance of Buddhism in India
        
        Development of residential universities like Nalanda and Vikramshila in Bihar and
        Valabhi in Gujrat
        
        Development and rich literature in Pali language.
        
        Probably developed first human statue worshipping in India. It was of Buddha. (panels
        at – Gaya (Bihar), Sanchi and Bharhut (M.P.)
        
        New kind of art by Greek and Indian scluptors on the north west frontier of India –
        Gandhara Art
        
        •Cave architecture (monk’s residence) – Barabar hills in Gaya and at Nasik