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9/8/2020 Hypertension - Coggle Diagram
9/8/2020 Hypertension
Medication
Diuretic
Taking medicine that helps eliminate extra water from the body. It's also prescribed to treat high blood pressure.
Beta blocker
Slows heart rate and decreases blood pressure. When taken in eye-drop form, it reduces eye pressure.
ACE inhibitor
Relaxes blood vessels, lowers blood pressure and prevents diabetes-related kidney damage.
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Behavioral Interventions
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Patient will participate in activities that will prevent stress (stress management, balanced activities and rest plan).
Provide calm, restful surroundings, minimize environmental activity and noise. Limit the number of visitors and length of stay.
Provide comfort measures (back and neck massage, elevation of head).
Instruct in relaxation techniques, guided imagery, distractions.
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Nursing Interventions
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Evaluate client reports or evidence of extreme fatigue, intolerance for activity, sudden or progressive weight gain, swelling of extremities, and progressive shortness of breath.
Monitor and record BP. Measure in both arms and thighs three times, 3–5 min apart while patient is at rest, then sitting, then standing for initial evaluation. Use correct cuff size and accurate technique.
Provide comfort measures (back and neck massage, elevation of head).
Review clients at risk as noted in Related Factors as well as individuals with conditions that stress the heart.
Pathophysiology
Increased systemic vascular resistance, increased vascular stiffness, and increased vascular responsiveness to stimuli are central to the pathophysiology of hypertension. Morbidity and mortality attributable to hypertension result from target organ involvement
Important Assessments
Monitor and record BP. Measure in both arms and thighs three times, 3–5 min apart while patient is at rest, then sitting, then standing for initial evaluation. Use correct cuff size and accurate technique.
Patient Education
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Monitor your blood pressure at home. Home blood pressure monitoring can help you keep closer tabs on your blood pressure, show if medication is working, and even alert you and your doctor to potential complications.
Practice relaxation or slow, deep breathing. Practice taking deep, slow breaths to help relax.