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Tetracyclines - Coggle Diagram
Tetracyclines
PK/PD
time-dependent
bacteriostatic
long t1/2 drugs
administer once daily achieves T>MIC
short 1/2 drugs
ADME
good po bioavailability
chelate Ca
don't give with high Ca foods or won't work
large Vd
enterohepatic recycling
few metabolites
contibute to t1/2/persistance
excreted unchanged
characteristics
interfere with bacterial ribosome
arrest protein synthesis
shorter acting
residual effects minimal
drugs
longer acting
broad spectrum bacteriostatic
best uses
URI
atypical bacteria
activity
anaerobic and aerobic gram + and gram -
atypical and tick-borne disease
protozoans!
giardia
toxoplasma
new versions are effective against tetrac resistant strains
selective toxicity
preferential accumulation
can be used for bacteria lacking a cell wall
effective against b-lactam resistant pathogens
indications
companion
horses
dogs and cats
food
ruminants and swine
xytetraccline
observe withdrawl times
birds
short-acting most used drug in poultry
bees
mechanism
reversibly bind 30S
tops growing peptide chain
bacteriostatic
resistance
rapidly occurred due to indiscriminant use in food animals
public health concern
high prevalence of MDR coliforms
E coli
staph
salmonella
pseudomonas
klebsiella
pasturella
enteric gram - rods
mechanisms
decrease concentration
decrease penetration
increase efflux
protect target
ribosome protection proteins
enzymatic inactivation
adverse effects
GI disturbance
irritation
negatively effect gut commensals
super infections in horses
bone and tooth discoloration in young animals
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