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congestion control is largely a function of internet hosts, not the network itself. There are several variations and versions of the algorithm implemented in protocol stacks of operating systems of computers that connect to the Internet.
Retransmission of segments can make the congestion worse
To avoid and control congestion, TCP employs several congestion handling mechanisms, timers, and algorithms
transmitting 1,460 bytes of data within each segment.
Window size agreed on during 3-way handshake.
Typically, PC B will not wait for 10,000 bytes before sending an acknowledgment.
PC A can adjust its send window as it receives acknowledgments from PC B.
although the terms segment and datagram are sometimes used interchangeably to describe a transport layer PDU.
multiple datagrams are sent to a destination, they may take different paths and arrive in the wrong order.
UDP simply reassembles the data in the order that it was received and forwards it to the application.
it is not connection-oriented and does not offer the sophisticated retransmission, sequencing, and flow control mechanisms that provide reliability.
UDP are always unreliable, nor does it mean that UDP is an inferior protocol.
Functions not provided by the transport layer implemented elsewhere.
