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Process Instrument & Control Week 6, Patthiya Srimahaprom 61010789 -…
Process Instrument & Control
Week 6
Distillation
Zone
Flash zone
T is between the BP of two components
Stripping section
T slightly lower than BP of heavy component
Rectification section
T equal or slightly large than BP of the lighter component
Tray
Bubble cap
Sieve tray
Packing
Packing grid
Raschig ring
Burl saddle
Control in distillation
Pressure
Using the valve control at the receiver
Adjust the feed flow rate
Temperature
Top
Controlled by the amount or temp. of the cool liquid that pumped back into the tower
the reflux rate
Bottom
Heat from the reboiler
Control T of feed by using a preheater
Process safety instrumentation
Roles
Keeping plant operation steady
Critical alarms & operator intervention
Automatic safety shutdown
Standards
ISA S48.01
Safety Integrity Levels
determine during a process hazard analysis
System redudancy
Partially redundant
Totally redundant
Non-redundant
IEC 61508 & 61511
Caution of software alarms
Alarm flood
Carefully placed
Operator training
Plant-wide control and optimization
DCS
Used for continuous, complex control
For larger, more complex processes
Components
Operator station
Communications with the industrial ethernet
Servers
Archiving computers
Engineering stations
Master controller
Field device
Processor failure is not a problem for production
SCADA
Components
Software
Hardware
Control of plants, both locally and remotely
For real-time plant information
Processing time is faster
Patthiya Srimahaprom 61010789