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How can we best protect ourselves from bacterial pathogens in the house -…
How can we best protect ourselves from bacterial pathogens in the house
"How"
the methods of protecting ourselves
washes bath towel
use disinfectant
Disinfectant
: Disinfectants are chemical agents applied to non-living objects in order to destroy bacteria, viruses, fungi, mold or mildews living on the objects.
different types of disinfectant
Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats)
A top choice for disinfection in hospital and institutional settings because of their low cost and quick action against a wide range of microorganisms.
Quats can be formulated with a variety of detergents to provide both cleaning and disinfecting ability.
Alcohols
When diluted in water, alcohols are effective against a wide range of bacteria
though higher concentrations are often needed to disinfect wet surfaces.
Aldehydes
Very effective against the bacteria that cause Tuberculosis
yet they need a high part per million (ppm) ratio to be effective for disinfection
Iodophors
Can be used for disinfecting some semi-critical medical equipment
but they can stain surfaces and have an unpleasant odor
Chlorine Compounds
Kill an array of organisms including resistant viruses
Chlorine-based disinfectants are inexpensive and have relatively quick kill times
however they can be corrosive and cause discolouration as well as irritation if not used as directed
Hydrogen Peroxide
Often mixed with peracetic acid to achieve specific disinfecting claims.
These strong oxidizers can be highly reactive if mixed with other chemicals or come in contact with various surfaces.
Phenolic Compounds
Effective against pathogenic bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis as well as fungi and viruses
but also very toxic and corrosive
What are we trying to do?
"Can"
if it's available
or convenient
Is it safe to uses at house
"Best": How do we know this process is working?
the amount of bacterial that this method has killed
decrease the chances to get illness
"Protect"
measurement: how can we consider as successful
What are we protecting ourselves from?
"bacterial pathogens"
how bacteria and viruses spread
surface type
such as solid surfaces like counters or textured surfaces like furniture or clothes
living habits
such as regularly washing clothes or disinfecting surfaces
lifestyle practices
such as washing you hands or bathing regularly
cleaning procedures
such as using bleach and alcohol versus regular cleaning supplies
Imapcts
depend on what kind of "bacterial pathogens"
definitions
A pathogen is an organism that causes disease on human
kind
Staphylococcus aureus, or staph
yeast and mold
Salmonella
Escherichia coli, or E. coli
fecal matter
ways that human beings generate germs
Skin
: human biggest organ is a home to hundreds of different kinds of germs, and everyday they slough off
Mouth and nose
: Talking, coughing, and sneezing are common ways to impart germs into the air.
Faeces
: the germs born here that make the kitchen one of the dirtiest rooms in any given house. Remnants from livestock enter the kitchen on meat, or from the fertiliser used to grow vegetables.
"House"
types
apartment
house
units
location: the geography location of the house
South Australia
Westen Australia
Northern Territory
New South Wales
Victoria
Tasmania
areas
bathrooms
Due to the moisture from a hot shower, the bathroom is also a perfect place for germ growth.
shower tub
drains
faucets
floor area around the toilet
bath towels
toothbrushes
kitchen
the areas where food is stored or prepared had more bacteria and fecal contamination than other places in the home
More than 75 percent of dish sponges and rags had Salmonella, E. coli, and fecal matter compared to 9 percent on bathroom faucet handles.
kitchen items
cutting boards
coffee maker
refrigerator, especially areas in contact with uncooked and unwashed food
kitchen sink and countertops
Bedroom
Laundry room
Wet laundry left in a machine, even for a short amount of time, can cause germs to flourish.
Living room
Library
knobs, handles and switches
"Ourselves"
exactly who are we protecting
older people/children
Independent variable
the method that we used to protect ourselves
the environment that we used
Dependent variable
the amount of bacterial pathogens that this method has killed
the possibility that people get sick (decrease/increase)
Research questions: what is the effect of IV on DV in context/conditions?
What is the effect of different temperatures on the number of bacteria in the kitchen
What is the effect of using different types of sanitises on the number of bacteria in the bathroom
What is the effect of using different types of hand steriliser on the number of the bacteria in the toilet knob
What is the effect of using different alcohol's concentrations on the number of bacteria from the human hand?